第节，并列句简介

(1/3) 并列句定义

由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上独立分句的句子就是并列句。并列句不能只用逗号隔开，而要用连接词或分号连接。
例如：
I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it.
You may go with us, or you may stay at home.
It was getting late; we had to go back.

(2/3) 并列句连词

1、表示转折关系的并列连词有：but（但是）, yet（然而，可是）, nevertheless（然而，既然如此，依然），while (然而)。
例如：
He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.他尽了力,但是没有成功。
We have studied English for only a year, yet we can act English plays already. 我们虽然只学了将近一年的英语，但是我们已能表演英语短剧了。
I’m very busy today but I will be free tomorrow. 我今天很忙，但明天有空。
The car was old, yet/nevertheless it was in excellent condition. 车子虽然旧了但车况很好。
She had failed many times, nevertheless she was confident she would succeed in the end. 她尽管失败了好几次，然而她对最后的成功充满信心。
He liked sports, while I would rather collect stamps. 他喜欢运动，而我更喜欢集邮。
Tom is thin while his wife is fat.汤姆很瘦，而他爱人很胖。
Our math teacher is strict while our English teacher is outgoing. 我们的数学老师很严格，而英语老师很随和。
2、表示因果关系的并列连词：for（解释性补充原因）, so（因果承接关系）。
例如:
You had better put off your jacket, for it is too hot outside. 你最好把夹克脱掉，外面太热了。
It must be snowing, for it’s so bright outside. 肯定下雪了。外面这么亮。
It was already rather late, so we decided to go home. 天已经很晚了，所以我们决定回家。
My father is coming, so I must stay here and wait for him. 我父亲就要到了，所以我必须呆在这儿等他。
3、并列连词and(表示并列附加关系), not only…but also (连接两个并列分句时，前一个句子倒装，但侧重点在后一个并列句上)。
例如：
Promote physical culture and build up the people’s health.发展体育运动，增强人们体质。
This article is well-written and you’d better read it. 这篇文章写得很好，你最好看看。
Not only is he himself interested in computer but also his son is beginning to show an interest in it.不仅他对电脑感兴趣，而且他的儿子也开始对电脑感兴趣。
Not only everything he had had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away from him. 不仅他所有的一切被剥夺，而且就连他的德国国籍也被剥夺了。
4、并列连词or /either…or(表示选择关系), not…neither/nor ( “也不”连接两个并列分句时，后一个句子要用倒装), （“也”后句要倒装）。
例如：
Either you are mad or I am (mad). 不是你疯了，那就是我疯了。
Either you must improve your work or we shall dismiss you. 要么你好好干，要么我就辞退你。
You have never seen him since 1993, nor have I. 你从1993年就没见到他，我也是
Mr. Black does not smoke, neither/nor does his son. 布莱克先生不吸烟，他儿子也不吸烟。
She can drive a plane, so can he. 她会开飞机，他也会开飞机。
I don’t want to do it, nor/neither do I want you to do it.我不想做，我也不想要你做。

(3/3) 并列句中的省略现象

并列结构中，不仅可以省略意思显而易见的主语、谓语等成分，还可以省略连接词。在并列结构中，尤其当第二句出现and, but, neither, either, nor等时，那么后一个分句与前一个分句相同的句子成分可以省略。

例句1：Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled.
【解析】本句中逗号两边的句子结构为并列关系，中间的and被省略，后面的分句中谓语动词were与前面的分句一致，所以被省略。
例句2：Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure?
【解析】本句话的结构为when引导定语从句修饰前面的先行词all those years，而定语从句中又用but连接两个从句，前后相同的成分被省略，we didn’t know后面被省略了smoking would kill us。
例句3：Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minutes surgical procedure.
【解析】本句中用两个逗号连接了三个并列分句，中间的and都被省略，原句为Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression can be controlled, and cataracts can be removed in a 30-minutes surgical procedure.
例句4: It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.
【解析】本句中的三个并列分句分别为in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable 和in California optional.，由于并列，前后分句相同的词被省略，原句为in England death is pressing, in Canada death is inevitable and in California death is optional.
例句5：If the moderate end of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.
【解析】这是一个主从复合句。If引导条件状语从句，主句是个由and连接的并列结构。第一个并列结构主语是the information on products;谓语是mightw be provided;为了突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接，第二个并列结构中的主语the information on products和谓语mightw be provided被省略掉了。