幼儿音乐中的英语渗透

二、幼儿音乐中的英语渗透

音乐主要是以节奏、旋律和强度等音乐语言来表达意义的。音乐双语教学活动是通过音乐语言与英语的结合，拓展词汇量，能用英语理解和表达对音乐的感受。

音乐是幼儿表现自我、表达交流的重要途径，节奏欢快、琅琅上口的英语儿歌往往让幼儿乐不释口，用音乐元素组织起来的英语内容便于幼儿记忆、表达。因此，英语在音乐活动中能实现更加有效、自然地渗透。当然在大胆、积极地参与英语音乐活动的过程中，幼儿的自信心，特别是英语学习的兴趣及信心都得到了很大的提高。

(一)幼儿园音乐双语知识技能要求的落实

1.环绕音乐语言，拓展音乐英语词汇^[2]

在一般英语课中基本上没有音乐的术语，使学生很难用英语对音乐进行交谈。音乐双语教学应该有选择地学、用音乐术语，如rhythm，melody，opera，comedy，tragedy，rock and roll，solo，symphony，quarter note，percussion，instruments等，这些术语在课堂教学中反复使用，学生基本上能听懂，而且能使用。

2.结合乐感，提高英语的语感

英语的语感对于掌握英语起着重要的作用，语感是人们对语言直觉的感知、领悟、把握的能力，即对语言的敏感，包括语音的感受、语义的感受、语言节奏等方面的感受。学生对语言法则和语言组织方式的把握和运用依靠语感。语感来自语言实践，它是在大量的语言实践中逐步增强的。在言语活动反复练习或实践的过程中，形成言语动力定型。

英语双语教学应该利用乐感，提高学生的英语语感。良好的乐感对学习英语是十分有益的，英语的语感也体现在语言表达的节奏、强弱等方面。歌唱英语歌曲需要对英语歌词连续、失爆和意群等的把握，是提高英语语感的好方法。我们在音乐教学中经常选择一些适合学生英语水平的英语歌曲教唱，活泼而有趣的儿童歌曲使学生融入学习英语的良好氛围中，培养良好的语感。

3.英语语言学习与有节奏的动作结合

在课堂教学时，可以利用一些动作，边做边学，如clap，step，swing等，这些节律动作训练反复性强，也就使这些英语得以高复现。同时，也可以结合音乐游戏、舞蹈，扩展英语词汇，提高英语的复现率。

另外，在选择幼儿英语儿歌、歌曲过程中，应注意根据幼儿的年龄特点、英语学习水平、学习需要选择合文化(外语文化)、合目的的内容，应强调音乐中英语内容的原汁原味，避免将一些中国化的音乐内容生搬硬套地翻译成英语内容。

(二)相关音乐方面的英语词汇和句型

1.参考词汇

2.参考用语

1)Listen to the beat of the music.请听一下音乐的节奏。

2)Let's listen to the tape/music.让我们一起来听磁带/音乐。

3)Let's sing the ABC song.让我们唱一下字母歌。

4)Let's clap our hands with music.让我们一起跟着音乐拍手。

5)Sing after me.跟我唱。

6)How many parts are there in this piece of music?这段音乐一共有几段?

7)What is the song about?这首歌曲里唱了些什么?

8)How do you feel about the song?这首歌曲听起来感觉怎样?

9)Please play with your conductor.请跟着指挥演奏。

10)Please choose and play your favorite musical instrument.选择自己喜欢的乐器演奏。

11)Please sing with the music.请跟着音乐演唱。

12)Can you make up a story for the music?你能为这段音乐编个小故事吗?

13)Please come and perform with your friends.请和你的朋友一起表演。

14)Who would like to be the conductor?谁愿意来指挥演奏?

15)Let's sing in small groups.现在我们来分组演唱。

16)Do you want to sing with me?想和老师一起唱吗?

(三)幼儿园音乐双语教学活动例举

案例3　Clever Kids and Stupid Wolves聪明孩子笨老狼(大班)

苏州新区狮山中心幼儿园　诸玲霞

Teaching Objectives活动目标

1.借助英语故事，初步了解乐曲的旋律节奏和情绪内容，愿意尝试用不同的身体部位和身体动作表现对音乐的理解，并能用简单的英语进行表述。

2.认真倾听英语故事，乐意参与创编、表达活动，体验活动带来的快乐。

3.掌握表示身体部位的单词及相关动词。

Preparations活动准备

1.老狼手偶1个，老狼头饰5个，小朋友手偶若干。

2.幼儿有两年多的英语学习经验，会简单的对话，能够组织简单的语言表达自己的想法。

Procedures活动过程

1.Warming up

Game:First I move，and then I stop here.

T:Let's relax ourselves.First I move，and then I stop here.

T:Ready，go.First I move，and then I stop here.Everybody，come on.Wonderful.OK，once more.

(视情况提醒幼儿游戏的规则，幼儿和教师一起念First I move，and then I stop here。教师检查时提问:“Who are you?”幼儿回答:“I'm a ...”最后走进场地。)

2.Presentation

T:Perfect.You're so clever.Now，please find a seat and sit down.

T:Who am I? Yes，I'm a wolf.Hello，everyone.Look at me.I've got bad eyes.I can't see with my eyes，but I have very good ears.I can hear with my ears，even a little bit sound.

T:Today，I'd like to share a story with you.It happened between the wolf and the kids.It is called A Stupid Wolf and Some Clever Kids.

(介绍故事的主角。)

3.Share the story

(1)Teacher tells the story.

T:Once upon a time，there were some clever kids.One day，they wanted to go to visit their grandpa，but they must go across a black forest.There were so many trees in the forest and they couldn't find the right way to their grandpa's house.They were lost.In the forest，there was a stupid wolf.He couldn't see with his eyes，but he could hear with his ears.Anyway，he could go across the forest very easily.The clever kids got a good idea.That is，they could follow the stupid wolf.The problem is that they must go with the same steps of the wolf，or they would be eaten.So when the wolf went，the kids should also go very quietly.

(2)Emphasize:The wolf go go go go go go go stop.The kids also go go go go go go go stop.

(初步感知故事以及其中蕴涵的情绪内容。)

4.Show Time

(1)Get familiar with the music.

T:Here is the music.It tells us the same story.Let's listen together.

(2)T:We will listen to the music again.But this time I hope you can not only listen to the music，but also show me in which part of the music the kids should go and in which part of it they should stop.OK? You can use any part of your body.

(感受音乐的旋律节奏，幼儿尝试用不同的身体部位来掌握走和停的节奏，并用简单的英语表述。)

T:Who wants to show us what you hear and act for us?

C:Me.

T:What part of body do you use?

C:I use my ...

T:Let's follow him/her.

(每一次集体模仿在教师哼唱和幼儿go go go stop的节奏中进行，重复地帮助幼儿熟悉节奏。)

(3)Use different body parts to show go and stop.

T:Now this time，I will be the wolf，and you all are the clever kids.I hope you can use different ways instead of going.OK?

T:Good.Music.

T:Who wants to show us what you can do?

(请幼儿讲述自己除了用走路的方式表现行进还可以用什么方式表现。这一环节要求幼儿用“I can ...”回答自己运用的不同动作。)

T:Well done，my children.Now I want two more wolves.Who wants to play?

(请若干幼儿与教师一起扮演狼，幼儿用不同的动作、造型来表现行进和停止。)

T:This time，I will be one of the kids.And we need more wolves.Who wants to try?

(请原来的2名幼儿和再请的3名幼儿做老狼，教师和其他幼儿一起做小朋友。)

5.Closure

T:The kids went across the forest at last，they were so happy.Are you happy?

T:OK.Let's have fun.Music.

(放英语歌曲，又唱又跳庆祝走出黑森林。)

案例4　The Chrorus of Frogs青蛙合唱(中班)

苏州新区狮山中心幼儿园　曹　红

Teaching Objectives活动目标

1.学习青蛙的英语单词frog，能用英语表示小青蛙和大青蛙唱歌。

2.感受乐曲的节奏和音区高低的变化，用多种形式表现乐曲。

3.享受游戏的乐趣体验与同伴合作表演的快乐。

Preparations活动准备

1.角落里放这首乐曲，让幼儿熟悉三拍子节奏及旋律。

2.图片“小青蛙和大青蛙”。

3.音乐。

Procedures活动过程

1.Warming up

T:Let us sing“I like candy!”

C:We are good friends.

T:I would like the frog to come with me! Where is the frog? Here I am! This is the first time we meet.We must be polite.Please say“Hello”to the frog.

C:Hello，frog!

T:There is a concert.Do you want to come with me?

C:Yes，I do.

T:Listen to the music.Let us go!

(在倾听的基础上初步感受三拍子乐曲的节奏。创设青蛙要开音乐会的情景，激发幼儿的兴趣。引导幼儿用小手做小动物的脚，听着音乐去参加音乐会。)

2.Presentation

1)T:How does the frog sing?

C:The frog sings“gua，gua，gua.”

T:Let us sing together.

(请幼儿用声音表现音乐节奏。)

2)T:Here are my hands，one and two.But now，they are frogs.Where are your frogs?

C:Here are my frogs.

T:I am so happy.I want to dance.Follow me，frogs.We will be tired if we are always jumping so high.Can we jump high，and jump low，and jump low?

(请幼儿用手的动作表现音乐节奏和强弱。第一遍，对节奏的要求;第二遍，对强弱的要求。)

3.Activity

1)T:What is the difference between them?

C:This is a little frog.That is a big frog.

T:Can you sing like a little frog? Can you sing like a big frog?

(创设情景进一步欣赏:用一大一小的教具青蛙，激发幼儿对两只青蛙发出的不同声音的想像。)

2)T:They want to sing together.It is a chorus when someone sings together with others.Listen to the music.When is the little frog singing?

C:At first，there is the little frog singing.

T:When is the big frog singing?

C:Then，there is the big frog singing.

T:When are they singing together?

C:At last，they sing together.

(进一步感受表现乐曲的变化:教师出示图片“小青蛙和大青蛙”，帮助幼儿理解乐曲。告诉幼儿像这样用不同的声音来唱歌叫合唱，这首歌叫青蛙合唱。听一听、想一想，哪儿是小青蛙唱哪儿是大青蛙唱呢?什么地方又是大青蛙和小青蛙一块儿唱?)

3)T:Who wants to be the little frog? Who wants to be the big frog?

C:I want to try!

T:Now，ladies and gentlemen，welcome the frogs' chorus!

(启发幼儿分角色扮演大青蛙和小青蛙，表现乐曲的变化。)

4.Show Time

T:Some musical instruments can help us.Please choose one and play it.

(幼儿自主选自己喜欢的小乐器，包括幼儿自制的乐器，也可以用其他形式来表现乐曲。)

5.Extension

在区域活动其他时间，进一步和幼儿一起用自己喜欢的形式表现乐曲，鼓励幼儿模仿其他的声响如小狗、小猫的叫声等等进行“合唱”，进一步探索有趣的声音变化。

幼儿在音乐节奏较快的情况下能否仔细倾听，根据幼儿实际情况调整弹奏速度，幼儿的扮演角色及表现的兴趣及随乐表演能力。给予个别幼儿帮助融入集体的表演中。

(四)相关链接

1.国外教案

听音乐“彼得和狼”认识乐器

Title—Peter and the Wolf—Instruments

By—Cathy Maddox

Primary Subject—Music

Secondary Subjects—Language Arts

Grade Level—1-3

(This is a two/three part lesson)45 minutes each

Lesson one:

Materials needed:Any book of Peter and the Wolf，various instruments—drums，maraca，jingle bells，

glockenspiel，claves，etc.

Procedures:

　　　　(1)Read the story Peter and the Wolf.

　　　　(2)After reading the story，talk about the characters and then assign classroom instruments to each character.Re-read the story and have students play their instruments at the appropriate times.

Lesson two:Peter and the Wolf

Materials needed:a CD with the music of Peter and the Wolf by Sergei Prokofiev(I went online and found the music)，pictures of each instrument—flute，oboe，clarinet，bassoon，horns，violin，and drum.I also use costumes.

Procedures:

　　　　(1)Explain that just as we the class put our classroom instruments to the story last class time，there is a man by the name Sergei Prokofiev who did the same thing.He used instruments from the orchestra.

　　　　(2)Show the picture of each“character”and play an example of each instrument.The copy of music that I downloaded has this section.

　　　　(3)Assign students to each character(it's ok if there are 4 birds and 2 cats ...you get the picture).

　　　　(4)Explain that the“characters”will act out the story when they hear their instrument played.To make this easier for the little guys，I hold up the picture that represents their character.

It's a lot of fun watching them pretend to be a cat，bird，wolf，duck，hunters，grandfather，or Peter.You can do lots of things with this exercise.But it is a good way to introduce orchestra instruments to the students.Even the little guys enjoy this and understand.

(资料来源http://www.lessonplanspage.com)

2.活动参考及资源

Bingo

Old Macdonald

Rain Rain Go Away

Row Row Row Your Boat

Ten Little Indian

Three Blind Mice

续表

(资料来源http://www.readysetgoteach.com)