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再次溶栓治疗

时间:2022-03-18 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:如果有证据显示梗死相关血管持续闭塞或开通后再闭塞,如下降的ST段再次抬高等提示患者发生再梗死,应该血管造影并根据情况进行血运重建治疗或转运至可行PCI的医院。如不能迅速进行PCI,可考虑进行再次溶栓治疗,并选择无免疫原性的溶栓药物。虽然PCI在冠心病治疗中应用越来越广泛,但是溶栓治疗具有快速、简便、经济、易操作的特点,仍然是减少STEMI患者病死率和改善预后的重要方法。

如果有证据显示梗死相关血管持续闭塞或开通后再闭塞,如下降的ST段再次抬高等提示患者发生再梗死,应该血管造影并根据情况进行血运重建治疗或转运至可行PCI的医院。如不能迅速(症状发作后60min内)进行PCI,可考虑进行再次溶栓治疗,并选择无免疫原性的溶栓药物。

虽然PCI在冠心病治疗中应用越来越广泛,但是溶栓治疗具有快速、简便、经济、易操作的特点,仍然是减少STEMI患者病死率和改善预后的重要方法。选择恰当的适应证,减少出血并发症,在最短的时间内溶解血栓开通血管治疗仍然具有不可替代的价值。溶栓药物种类较多,应首选纤维蛋白特异性的溶栓药物。同时需要规范地进行辅助抗血小板和抗凝治疗,可大大提高血管开通率。在临床实践中应该根据具体情况恰当选择适应证,科学的进行溶栓治疗。

附:临床研究缩写

COMMIT-CCS2:氯吡格雷和美托洛尔在心肌梗死/中国心脏研究2(Clopidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial/Second Chinese Cardiac Study)

GRACE:全球急性冠状动脉事件注册研究(The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events)

CREATE:评价低分子肝素和代谢调节治疗急性心肌梗死的临床研究(Clinical Trial of Reviparin and Metabolic Modulation in Acute Myocardial Infarction Treatment Evaluation)

GUSTO-I:全球应用链激酶和组织纤溶酶原激活剂治疗闭塞冠状动脉(Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries)

TIMI:心肌梗死溶栓试验(Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction)

ASSENT:评价新型治疗策略的安全性和有效性(Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Treatment Strategy)

FINESSE:易化干预促进再灌注速度终止事件(Facilitated Interventions with Enhanced Reperfusion Speed to Stop Events)

CARESS:急性心肌梗死联合阿昔单抗瑞替普酶支架研究(Combined abciximab reteplase stent study in acute myocardial infarction)

GRACIA:Grupo de Análisis de la Cardiopatía Isquémica Aguda

CAPITAL:急性心肌梗死联合血管造影和药物干预与单纯溶栓治疗比较(Combined Angioplasty and Pharmacological Intervention Versus Thrombolysis A-lone in Acute Myocardial Infarction)

SIAM-3:西南德国急性心肌梗死干预研究(The Southwest German Interventional Study in Acute Myocardial Infarction)

TUCC:TPA/尿激酶比较的中国研究(The TPA/Urokinase Comparisons in China)

CLARITY-TIMI28:氯吡格雷作为再灌注的辅助治疗/心肌梗死溶栓研究28(Clopidogrel as Adjunctive Reperfusion Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 28)

OASIS-6:缺血综合征策略评价的组织(Organization for the Assessment of Strategies for Ischemic Syndromes 6)

EXTRAC-TIMI25:依诺肝素与溶栓再灌注治疗急性心肌梗死/心肌梗死溶栓研究25(Enoxaparin and Thrombolysis Reperfusion for Acute Myocardial Infarction Treatment-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Study 25)

HERO-2:水蛭素类似物与早期再灌注或闭塞(Hirulog and Early Reperfusion or Occlusion)

(曾武涛 陈国伟)

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