中国的发展战略和中美关系

2007年4月5日，伊萨卡

China’s Development Strategy and China-US Relations

Speech at Cornell University Ithaca，April 5，2007

场景再现

康奈尔大学（Cornell University）是一所位于美国纽约州伊萨卡的私立研究型大学，也是著名的常青藤盟校成员。康奈尔大学始建于1865年，校名来源于两位创办人之一的埃兹拉·康奈尔，为八个常青藤盟校中唯一一所在美独立战争后创办的。它的博物馆蜚声世界，是华裔建筑大师贝聿铭的代表作。

2007年对反“台独”斗争来说是关键的一年，陈水扁不断地在“台独”道路上有新的挑衅，两岸关系形势十分严峻。我在讲话中用了相当的篇幅告诫美方要信守一个中国的政策，坚持反对“台独”的立场。

演讲文稿

女士们、先生们，老师们、同学们：

很高兴来到著名的康奈尔大学，与各位老师和同学们见面，与大家分享我对中国和平发展战略和中美关系的一些看法。

当前，国际形势正在发生深刻复杂的变化，出现了许多新情况和新特点，但求和平、促发展、谋合作仍是当今时代的潮流。随着经济全球化和区域一体化的深入发展，国与国联系日益紧密，相互依存不断加深，形成了利益交融、休戚与共的局面（1）。当然，各国也共同面临地区冲突、恐怖主义、武器扩散、发展不平衡、环境恶化、金融风险等威胁和挑战。中国和美国分别作为世界上最大的发展中国家和发达国家，加强沟通、协调与合作日趋重要。

Ladies and Gentlemen，Faculty and students，

It is a pleasure to visit Cornell University and meet with the faculty and students of this renowned institution.The topic I wish to discuss today is China’s peaceful development and China-US relations.

The international situation is undergoing profound and complex changes，with many new developments and features.However，peace，development and cooperation remain the dominant trend of the times.As economic globalization and regional integration gather momentum，countries are more closely connected and become more interdependent than ever before.Converging interests have bound us all together.In other words，we are all in the same boat（1）.Meanwhile，countries face common threats and challenges，such as regional conflicts，terrorism，weapons proliferation，uneven development，environmental degradation and financial risks.It is increasingly important for China and the United States，as the biggest developing country and the biggest developed country in the world respectively，to strengthen consultation，coordination and cooperation.

作为国际社会负责任的成员，中国将坚定不移地走和平发展道路，这是中国人民基于当今世界发展潮流、中国历史传统和现实国情做出的必然选择（2）。当前，和平发展战略在中国的内外政策中正得到越来越充分的体现。

在国内建设中，我们进一步明确了构建社会主义和谐社会的理念，提出全面贯彻落实科学发展观，更加注重解决民生问题，更加注重克服发展的不平衡性（3），致力于走科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少、人力资源优势得到充分发挥的新型工业化道路，推进经济、政治、文化、社会建设的全面协调可持续发展。

在对外关系中，我们始终不渝地把自身发展与世界的发展和人类共同进步联系在一起，既充分利用和平的国际环境带来的机遇发展自己，又通过自身的发展促进世界的和平与繁荣。我们提出了推动建设和谐世界的目标，致力于与世界各国政治上和谐相处、经济上共同发展、安全上互信协作、文化上取长补短（4）。

As a responsible member of the international community，China is committed to peaceful development.This commitment is in keeping with both the global trends and China’s traditions and realities（2）.The domestic and foreign policies of China give full expression to its strategy of peaceful development.

Domestically，we are guided by the concept of harmonious socialist society and the scientific outlook on development.High priority is given to resolving issues affecting the livelihood of the people and addressing imbalances in economic development（3）.

China’s industrialization is following a new path.We will focus on scientific progress，good economic returns，low resource consumption and less environmental pollution，and we will fully tap our rich human resources.Our goal is to promote comprehensive，balanced and sustainable development in the economic，political，cultural and social fields.

In external relations，China regards its development as an integral part of mankind’s common pursuit of development and progress.China will seize the opportunities made available by the peaceful international environment to develop itself and contribute to world peace and prosperity through its development.

China aims to advance the building of a harmonious world and will continue to work with other countries to build harmonious political relations，share economic prosperity，enhance mutual trust and coordination in the security field and promote mutual cultural enrichment（4）.

——中国致力于与世界各国发展互利友好的关系。中国努力推动南南合作和南北对话，维护和促进与发展中国家的共同利益，通过主办中非合作论坛北京峰会，并通过今年2月胡锦涛主席访问非洲八国，加强了与非洲国家的互利合作。中国进一步发展同美国等发达国家的关系，努力扩大共同利益汇合点。中国和日本就克服影响两国关系发展的政治障碍、促进两国关系健康稳定发展达成一致。温家宝总理将于4月11日至13日访问日本，这对推动中日关系继续改善和发展具有重要意义。

China is committed to developing mutually beneficial and friendly relations with all the countries of the world.Working hard to promote South-South cooperation and North-South dialogue，and maintain and advance the shared interests of the developing countries，China hosted the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and President Hu Jintao visited eight African countries last February.China’s mutually beneficial cooperation with Africa has been strengthened.

China is also working hard to expand converging interests and make further strides in its relationships with the developed countries，including the United States.China and Japan have reached agreement that the two countries will address the political obstacle and promote sound and steady development of the bilateral relationship.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao will visit Japan from April 11 to 13.This visit will be significant to the continued improvement and development of China-Japan relations.

——中国致力于维护世界和地区和平与稳定。中国积极倡导并实践“互信、互利、平等、协作”的新安全观。面对朝鲜半岛严峻复杂的形势，中国坚持原则，多方斡旋，防止局势升级，努力促成朝核问题六方会谈复会，使这一问题重新回到通过谈判和平解决的正确轨道上来。在伊朗核问题上，中国积极劝和促谈，发挥了重要的建设性作用。在达尔富尔问题上，中方主张尊重苏丹的主权和领土完整，坚持平等对话协商，以政治方式解决达问题，主张非盟、联合国应在达区维和问题上发挥建设性作用。中方为推动苏丹政府接受“安南三阶段方案”做出了重要努力，并为改善达区的人道和安全状况提供了力所能及的援助。有关问题的解决需要有关各方共同努力，中国将继续为之做出不懈努力。

China is committed to maintaining peace and stability in its region and the world at large.China advocates and pursues a new security concept featuring mutual trust，mutual benefit，equality and coordination.In face of the grave and complex situation on the Korean Peninsula，we have upheld our principles，mediated vigorously to prevent escalation of tension and succeeded in bringing about the resumption of the Six-Party Talks and putting the issue back on track towards peaceful solution through negotiation.On the Iranian nuclear issue，we have played an important and constructive role in promoting negotiated settlement.On the Darfur issue，China stands for a political solution on the basis of respect for Sudan’s sovereignty and territorial integrity，and dialogue and consultation on an equal footing，and calls for the constructive roles of the African Union and the United Nations in peacekeeping.China has made significant efforts to encourage the Sudanese government to accept the “Annan Plan” and provided assistance to the best of its ability to help improve humanitarian and security situations in Darfur.In our view，the solutions to the above issues require the concerted efforts of all parties.China will continue to work for solutions and will spare no effort.

——中国致力于推动互利共赢的国际经贸合作。中国加入世界贸易组织五年来，以更加积极的态度参加国际经贸合作，与大多数国家形成了互补型贸易关系。2006年中国外贸总额达1.76万亿美元，比入世之初的2001年净增1.2万亿美元。中国对外贸易的快速发展改变了世界贸易的格局，成为世界贸易增长的主要动力之一。今后几年，中国每年进口将超过6000亿美元，到2010年将超过1万亿美元，这将为各国与中国的互利合作带来更大机遇。

——中国致力于建设更加公正合理的国际秩序。作为联合国创始成员国和安理会常任理事国，中国积极推进多边主义，切实履行自身国际义务与责任，广泛参与在反恐、防扩散、人道主义援助、环保、打击跨国犯罪等领域的多边合作。迄今，中国已加入100多个政府间国际组织和近300个国际多边条约，向15项联合国维和行动派出军事人员、警察和民事官员6000余人次。中国积极参与亚太经合组织、亚欧会议等机制，为有关区域、跨区域合作做出了贡献。

China is committed to promoting mutually beneficial international economic cooperation and trade.Five years after its WTO accession，China is now more actively involved in international trade and economic cooperation，having mutually complementary trade ties with most countries in the world.It is estimated that China’s trade volume in 2006 exceeded 1.76 trillion US dollars，a net increase of 1.2 trillion over 2001 when China became a WTO member.

The fast growth of China’s trade has changed the landscape of global trade，with China becoming a major driving force of global trade growth.In the next few years，China’s annual import will exceed 600 billion dollars and，by 2010，it is expected to be over one trillion.This will create enormous business opportunities for the mutually beneficial cooperation between China and the countries of the world.

China is committed to building a just and equitable international order.As a founding member of the United Nations and a permanent member of the UN Security Council，China is committed to multilateralism.It is fulfilling its international responsibility and honoring its obligations in good faith.It is actively engaged in multilateral cooperation in a wide range of fields including counter-terrorism，non-proliferation，humanitarian assistance，environmental protection and combating cross-border crimes.China is now a member of over 100 inter-governmental organizations and a party to nearly 300 international treaties.Over 6，000 Chinese military，police or civilian personnel have participated in 15 UN peacekeeping operations.Being an active member of APEC，ASEM and other mechanisms，China has contributed its share to regional and trans-regional cooperation.

我们相信，一个经济发展、社会安定、人民幸福、生态良好、与世界各国和谐相处的中国，不仅是13亿中国人民之福，也将为世界和平与繁荣做出更大贡献。

女士们、先生们：

中美关系是世界上最重要的国家关系之一，两国在维护全球和地区安全与稳定、促进世界经济增长、应对非传统安全威胁等方面共同利益持续扩大，合作领域不断拓宽，协调与合作日益成为双方关系的主流。近年来，在双方共同努力下，中美关系总体保持稳定并不断取得新的进展。

……

中美经济互补性强，合作空间广阔。去年中美贸易额再创新高，超过2600亿美元，较两国建交时的24亿美元增长了100多倍。中美已互为对方第二大贸易伙伴。根据美方统计，去年美对华出口增长超过30%，中国已连续第三年成为美增长最快的出口市场，过去5年美对华出口增长约200%。中美贸易带动了美数百万个就业机会。美对华投资持续增长，80%以上的公司在华收益提高。1100多家有实力的中国企业也积极开拓美国市场，为当地发展和增加就业做出了贡献。中美在科技、教育、文化等领域的交流与合作已进一步加强。

……

I am sure that in addition to being a blessing for the 1.3 billion Chinese people，a prosperous and stable China that has a good environment，ensures the wellbeing of its people and lives in harmony with the rest of the world will make greater contribution to world peace and prosperity.

Ladies and Gentlemen，

China-US relationship is one of the most important bilateral ties in today’s world.From maintaining global and regional security and stability，promoting world economic growth to tackling non-traditional security threats，the two countries have growing common interests and areas of cooperation.Coordination and cooperation are becoming the dominant features of the bilateral ties.Thanks to the joint efforts of both countries in recent years，China-US relationship has sustained overall stability and made continuous progress.

…

Economically，China and the United States have a lot to offer to each other.This promises vast prospects for further cooperation.Last year，China-US trade reached a new high.Exceeding 260 billion US dollars，the trade volume was over 100 times the figure in the first year of diplomatic ties.China and the United States have already become the second biggest trading partners for each other.According to US statistics，US export to China grew by more than 30% last year and nearly 200% in the past five years，making China the fastest growing export market for the US for three years in a row.Trade between China and the United States has helped create millions of job opportunities in America.US investment in China has kept growing and more than 80% of American companies in China have seen their profit level rise.At the same time，more than 1，100 strong Chinese companies have also vigorously explored the US market，making contribution to local development and job creation.China and the United States have also further enhanced exchanges and cooperation in science，technology，education，culture and other fields.

…

我很高兴地看到，近年来中美友好的社会基础不断扩大（5）。两国地方间已缔结了35对友好省州和135对友好城市，成为中美人民友谊的重要纽带。目前，中美人员往来每年超过200万人次，平均每天5000多人来往于太平洋两岸。中国90多万赴海外留学人员中，近1/3选择到美国，其中康奈尔大学就有中国留学生300多人。美国在华留学生也超过1万人。美国内已有近1000所高校和200多所中小学开设中文课程，并成立了多所孔子学院。这些友好交往不断为中美关系发展注入活力。

今年对中美关系而言，既孕育着新的希望，同时也面临一些复杂因素。

……

I am pleased to note that China-US friendship continued to gain increasing grass root support in recent years（5）.There are 35 pairs of province-state ties and 135 pairs of sister cities between China and the United States.They serve as bridges of friendship between Chinese and Americans.At present，over two million visits are made between China and the United States each year，which means more than 5，000 people are flying across the Pacific every day.Of the over 900，000 Chinese students who have pursued further studies abroad，close to one third of them have chosen to study in the United States.And over 300 of those in America now are in Cornell.Meanwhile，there are more than 10，000 American students in China.Some 1，000 colleges and over 200 elementary and high schools in America are offering Chinese language courses，and a number of Confucius Institutes have been established.These friendly exchanges keep adding new momentum to the growth of China-US relations.

This year offers new hope for China-US relationship.But there are also complex factors.

…

下面我想着重谈谈台湾问题。

台湾问题事关中国的主权和领土完整，涉及中国核心利益，牵动中国人民的民族感情，始终是中美关系中最重要、最敏感的核心问题。台湾问题处理好了，两国关系就能平稳地向前发展，否则就会遇到波折甚至出现严重倒退。在这个问题上美方是有历史教训的。正所谓“前事不忘，后事之师”，妥善处理台湾问题对维护中美关系稳定发展和确保两国重要领域的合作顺利开展至关重要。

3月4日晚，陈水扁出席一“台独”组织活动时，抛出所谓“四要一没有”的分裂主张，公开宣称“台湾要独立”、“台湾要正名”、“台湾要新宪”，发出了全面背弃其就职时所作“四不”承诺的危险信号，标志着其“台独”分裂活动进一步升级。陈水扁不久前还指使“台独”学者抛出包含“一边一国论”和“两国论”等典型“台独”观点的“第二共和宪法草案”，完全推翻了台湾地区现行的所谓“宪法”，形同“制宪”。岛内局势的这些最新发展表明，陈水扁当局通过所谓“宪改”谋求“台湾法理独立”的冒险性、危险性进一步上升。

Now I want to say a few more words about a very important question，the Taiwan question.

The Taiwan question bears on China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity，involves China’s core national interests and touches upon the national sentiments of the Chinese people.It is always the most important and most sensitive issue at the core of the China-US relationship.If the Taiwan question is handled well，the relationship between China and the US will develop steadily.If not，there will be twists and turns，and even grave setbacks.There were lessons of setbacks in the past，and past lessons serve as guidance for future actions.Appropriate approach to the Taiwan question is crucial in maintaining stability and development of China-US relationship and ensuring smooth cooperation between the two countries in important areas.

While attending a function by a proindependence organization on March 4，Chen Shuibian made further separatist remarks — the so-called “four wants and one without”.He openly claimed that “Taiwan wants independence”，“Taiwan wants name rectification”，and “Taiwan wants a new constitution”.This sent out a dangerous signal that he might completely abandon his “Four No’s” commitment and that his independence and separatist activities might escalate.Not long ago，Chen also incited pro-independence academicians to put together a “draft second republic constitution” that incorporates typical “Taiwan independence” propositions such as “one country on each side of the Taiwan Straits” and “two state theory”.This would completely overthrow the so-called “constitution” that is currently in force in the Taiwan region，and would be tantamount to constitution-making.These latest developments show that the Chen Shuibian authorities have become more reckless and dangerous in pursuing “de jure Taiwan independence” through the so-called “constitutional reform”.

我们常说，“血浓于水”，谁也不愿意骨肉相残。正因为如此，我们将继续以最大的诚意，尽最大的努力推动两岸关系和平稳定发展，但与此同时，我们绝不容忍“台独”，绝不允许“台独”势力以任何名义和任何方式把台湾从中国分割出去。

中方希望美方恪守坚持一个中国政策、遵守中美三个联合公报、反对“台独”的承诺，停止售台先进武器，不向“台独”势力发出任何错误信号，与中方一道明确反对和遏制陈水扁当局从事任何形式的“台独”分裂活动，共同维护台海和平和中美共同战略利益。

……

谢谢大家！

As a Chinese idiom goes，“blood is thicker than water”.Conflict within the family is nobody’s desire.It is precisely because of this that we will continue to promote peace and stability across the Taiwan Straits with utmost sincerity and maximum efforts.However，we will never tolerate “Taiwan independence” or allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any name or through any means.

China hopes that the United States will honor its commitments of adhering to the one-China policy，abiding by the three Sino-US Joint Communiqués and opposing “Taiwan independence”，stop selling advanced weapons to Taiwan and stop sending any wrong signals to the “Taiwan independence” forces.China wants the US side to work with China to unequivocally oppose and repulse any form of “Taiwan independence” activities by the Chen Shuibian authorities so as to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits and safeguard the shared strategic interests of both China and the United States.

...

Thank you！

咬文嚼字

1.随着经济全球化和区域一体化的深入发展，国与国联系日益紧密，相互依存不断加深，形成了利益交融、休戚与共的局面。

As economic globalization and regional integration gather momentum，countries are more closely connected and become more interdependent than ever before.Converging interests have bound us all together.In other words，we are all in the same boat.

实用句型

随着经济全球化和区域一体化的深入发展，国与国……不断加深，形成了……休戚与共的局面。

As economic globalization and regional integration gather momentum，countries are more ...

than ever before.

In other words，we are all in the same boat.

实用词汇

和平、发展与环境保护三者是互相依存，不可分割的。

Peace，development and environmental protection are interdependent and indivisible.

经过多年努力和积累，两国经济相互依存度越来越高。

Thanks to years of mutual efforts，our two economies have become increasingly interdependent.

在今天这个高度相互依赖的世界里，个人和国家不再能独自解决问题。

In today’s highly interdependent world，individuals and nations can no longer resolve many of their problems by themselves.

2.作为国际社会负责任的成员，中国将坚定不移地走和平发展道路，这是中国人民基于当今世界发展潮流、中国历史传统和现实国情做出的必然选择。

As a responsible member of the international community，China is committed to peaceful development.This commitment is in keeping with both the global trends and China’s traditions and realities.

实用句型

作为国际社会负责任的成员，中国将坚定不移地……

As a responsible member of the international community，China is committed to ...

实用词汇

开展不同文明间对话已得到国际社会的积极响应。

Dialogue between civilizations has received an enthusiastic response from the international community.

本届论坛受到国际社会的广泛关注。

The Forum attracted wide attention from the international community.

中方从一开始就呼吁国际社会通力合作，加强协调来共同应对。

Since the very beginning，China has called for better cooperation and coordination among the international community.

3.在国内建设中，我们进一步明确了构建社会主义和谐社会的理念，提出全面贯彻落实科学发展观，更加注重解决民生问题，更加注重克服发展的不平衡性。

Domestically，we are guided by the concept of harmonious socialist society and the scientific outlook on development.High priority is given to resolving issues affecting the livelihood of the people and addressing imbalances in economic development.

实用句型

在国内建设中，我们进一步明确了……更加注重解决……克服……

Domestically，we are guided by the concept of ...

High priority is given to resolving ...and addressing ...

实用词汇

实现消费与环境的和谐，是构建社会主义和谐社会的一个重要方面。

It is an important aspect of harmonious socialist society to realize harmony between consumption and environment.

“构建社会主义和谐社会”这一新命题是马克思主义理论在我国社会主义建设中的重大发展。

The new proposition of “building a harmonious socialist society” is a significant development of Marxist theory in China’s socialist construction.

建设生态文明，构建社会主义和谐社会是党在新时期的重要纲领。

Building a conservation culture and a harmonious socialist society is the major program of CPC in the new age.

4.我们提出了推动建设和谐世界的目标，致力于与世界各国政治上和谐相处、经济上共同发展、安全上互信协作、文化上取长补短。

China aims to advance the building of a harmonious world and will continue to work with other countries to build harmonious political relations，share economic prosperity，enhance mutual trust and coordination in the security field and promote mutual cultural enrichment.

实用句型

我们提出了推动建设和谐世界的目标，致力于与世界各国……

China aims to build a harmonious world and will continue to work with other countries to...

实用词汇

平等相待、相互尊重，是建立彼此信任的前提。

Equality and mutual respect are the preconditions for the establishment of mutual trust.

我们期待此次对话达到增进互信、扩大共识、深化合作的目的。

We hope the dialogue will promote mutual trust，expand consensus and deepen cooperation.

新安全观的核心应该是互信、互利、平等、合作。

The core of the new security concept should be mutual trust，mutual benefit，equality and cooperation.

5.我很高兴地看到，近年来中美友好的社会基础不断扩大。

I am pleased to note that China-US friendship continued to gain increasing grass root support in recent years.

实用句型

我很高兴地看到，近年来……的社会基础不断扩大。

I am pleased to note that ...continued to gain grass root support in recent years.

实用词汇

该党有基层群众的大力支持。

The party has considerable support at grass root level.

团练作为一种基层社会控制组织，一直受到研究者的重视。

As an organization of social control in grass root society，Tuan Lian has been emphasized by researchers.

第三级服务站是其基层单位，它的设立完善了保障体系。

As a grass root unit，the third level service station completes the support system.