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伍尔西主教的沦落

时间:2022-02-24 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:a long farewell,to all my greatness!    Is that poor man that hangs on princes' favors!

Wolsey.Farewell!a long farewell,to all my greatness!

    This is the state of man;to-day he puts forth

    The tender leaves of hopes;to-morrow blossoms,

    And bears his blushing honors thick upon him;

    The third day comes a frost,a killing frost,

    And,when he thinks,good,easy man,full surely

    His greatness is a-ripening,nips his root,

    And then he falls,as I do.I have ventured,

    Like little,wanton boys that swim on bladders,

    This many summers in a sea of glory,

    But far beyond my depth: my high-blown pride

    At length broke under me,and now has left me,

    Weary and old with service,to the mercy

    Of a rude stream,that must forever hide me.

    Vain pomp and glory of this world,I hate ye:

    I feel my heart new open'd.Oh,how wretched

    Is that poor man that hangs on princes' favors!

    There is,betwixt that smile we would aspire to,

    That sweet aspect of princes,and their ruin,

    More pangs and fears than wars or women have:

    And when he falls,he falls like Lucifer,

    Never to hope again.

       Enter CROMWELL,and stands amazed.

          Why,how now,Cromwell!

Crom.  I have no power to speak,sir.

Wol.  What,amazed

    At my misfortunes?Can thy spirit wonder,

    A great man should decline?Nay,an you weep,

    I am fall'n indeed.

Crom.  How does your grace?

Wol.  Why,well;

    Never so truly happy,my good Cromwell.

    I know myself now;and I fed within me

    A peace above all earthly dignities,

    A still and quiet conscience.The king has cured me,

    I humbly thank his grace;and from these shoulders,

    These ruin'd pillars,out of pity,taken

    A load would sink a navy!——too much honor:

    Oh,'t is a burthen,Cromwell,'t is a burthen,

    Too heavy for a man that hopes for heaven!

Crom.  I am glad your grace has made that right use of it.

Wol.  I hope I have: I am able now,methinks,

    Out of a fortitude of soul I feel,

    To endure more miseries,and greater far,

    Than my weak-hearted enemies dare offer.

    What news abroad?

Crom.  The heaviest,and the worst,

    Is your displeasure with the king.

Wol.  God bless him!

Crom.  The next is,that Sir Thomas More is chosen

    Lord chancellor in your place.

Wol.  That's somewhat sudden:

    But he's a learned man.May he continue

    Long in his highness' favor,and do justice

    For truth's sake and his conscience;that his bones,

    When he has run his course,and sleeps in blessings,

    May have a tomb of orphans' tears wept on 'em!

    What more?

Crom.  That Cranmer is return'd with welcome,

    Install'd lord archbishop of Canterbury.

Wol.  That's news indeed!

Crom.  Last,that the Lady Anne,

    Whom the king hath in secrecy long married,

    This day was viewed in open as his queen,

    Going to chapel;and the voice is now

    Only about her coronation.

Wol.  There was the weight that pull'd me down.O Cromwell,

    The king has gone beyond me: all my glories

    In that one woman I have lost forever:

    No sun shall ever usher forth mine honors,

    Or gild again the noble troops that waited

    Upon my smiles.Go!get thee from me!Cromwell;

    I am a poor,fall'n man,unworthy now

    To be thy lord and master: seek the king;

    That sun,I pray,may never set!I have told him

    What and how true thou art: he will advance thee;

    Some little memory of me will stir him——

    I know his noble nature——not to let

    Thy hopeful service perish,too: good Cromwell,

    Neglect him not;make use now,and provide

    For thine own future safety.

Crom.  O my lord,

    Must I,then,leave you?Must I needs forego

    So good,so noble,and so true a master?

    Bear witness,all that have not hearts of iron,

    With what a sorrow Cromwell leaves his lord.

    The king shall have my service;but my prayers

    Forever and forever shall be yours.

Wol.  Cromwell,I did not think to shed a tear

    In all my miseries;but thou hast forced me,

    Out of thy honest truth,to play the woman.

    Let's dry our eyes: and thus far hear me,Cromwell;

    And,when I am forgotten,as I shall be,

    And sleep in dull,cold marble,where no mention

    Of me more must be heard of,say,I taught thee;

    Say,Wolsey,that once trod the ways of glory,

    And sounded all the depths and shoals of honor,

    Found thee a way,out of his wreck,to rise in;

    A sure and safe one,though thy master missed it.

    Mark but my fall,and that that ruin'd me.

    Cromwell,I charge thee,fling away ambition:

    By that sin fell the angels;how can man,then,

    The image of his Maker,hope to win by it?

    Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee;

    Corruption wins not more than honesty.

    Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,

    To silence envious tongues.Be just,and fear not:

    Let all the ends thou aim'st at be thy country's,

    Thy God's,and truth's;then,if thou fall'st,O Cromwell,

    Thou fall'st,a blessed martyr!Serve the king;

    And,——prithee,lead me in:

    There,take an inventory of all I have,

    To the last penny;'t is the king's: my robe,

    And my integrity to Heaven,is all

    I dare now call mine own.O Cromwell,Cromwell!

    Had I but served my God with half the zeal

    I served my king,He would not in mine age

    Have left me naked to mine enemies.

Crom.  Good sir,have patience.

Wol.          So I have. Farewell

    The hopes of court!my hopes in Heaven do dwell.

(Shakespeare.——henry VIII,Act iii,Scene ii)

译文 TRANSLATION

伍 尔 西:别了!永别了,我的壮志宏图!

     这就是人的遭际:今天吐出希望的嫩叶,

     明天绽放荣誉的娇蕾,熠熠光华缀满全身;

     第三天,却来了一场寒霜,

     就在那平易、温厚的好人还满心满意地以为

     自己的事业正蒸蒸日上时,

     这场致命的寒霜却咬断了他的根。

     然后,他,就像我这样,倒下。

     如同那些凭着猪尿泡游泳的顽童,我

     在名利海中搏击,年华蹉跎。

     而在我游至力所不及的深处,高涨的虚骄为我招来

     覆顶之灾。如今,衰朽的我只能听任粗野的狂流摆布。

     此世的浮华与虚荣啊,我恨你:

     我感到我的心又添了一道新伤。那托庇于王室青睐的可怜人

     多么凄凉!在我们冀望的王室的笑脸、善遇

     与他们加诸我们的凌虐之间

     有多少痛苦与忧惧,那要比战争与女人带给我们的多得多

     那可怜人沦落了。他,像撒旦一样,沦落了,

     永劫不复,再无希望。

     (这时,克伦威尔上,愕然,站在一旁)

     哦,怎么了,克伦威尔?

克伦威尔:我说不出来,大人。

伍 尔 西:嗯?我的霉运惊着你了?

     你会困惑一个大人物竟会败落,是吗?

     不错。别哭哭啼啼的,我的确要倒了。

克伦威尔:阁下,您可好?

伍 尔 西:哦,好!我从来没这样真正高兴过,我的好克伦威尔。

     现在,我有了自知之明。我餍足于内在的宁静,

     这宁谧、安详的良知,胜过尘世所有尊荣。

     王上医好了我。我诚惶诚恐地感谢他的恩典。

     他,出于宽仁,从我的双肩,从这衰朽的梁柱上卸去了荣誉的重担。

     太多荣誉,一个船队也载不动啊。克伦威尔,荣誉是负担。

     对一个期盼天庭的人来说,荣誉让他不堪重负。

     克伦威尔:大人如此超脱真令小可雀跃。

伍 尔 西:但愿我真能如此。我觉得,现在自己可以承受更多、更大的痛苦,

     比那些卑怯的敌人能够加诸我的更大、更多。

     因为我的灵魂强大了。

     外面有什么新鲜事?

克伦威尔:最沉重,最坏的新闻就是

     大人失宠于王上。

伍 尔 西:天佑吾王!

克伦威尔:再一件就是,托马斯·摩尔爵士取代您出任大法官。

伍 尔 西:那有点突兀。不过,他是饱学之士。

     愿他长蒙恩宠;愿他秉承真理与良知断案;

     愿他走完生命的长途,在祝福中安眠,

     愿他埋骨的坟前有儿孙洒泪祭拜。

     还有什么?

克伦威尔:王上迎回了克拉默,封他为坎特伯雷大主教。

伍 尔 西:这倒真是件新鲜事。

克伦威尔:最后,那个王上早已与之秘密完婚的安妮命妇

     今天在去礼拜时,以王后身份公开露面了。

     现在大家都在谈论她何时受封加冕。

伍 尔 西:那就是让我仆倒的重压。哦,克伦威尔,

     王上已抛弃了我。因这个女人,我

     永远地失去了所有荣耀。太阳再不会宣告我的荣光,

     它的金辉再不会洒向等待我嘉许的高贵的兵士。

     去吧,离开我吧,克伦威尔!

     我是一个可怜的沦落之人,不配做你的主人。

     去找王上吧。我为他祈祷,这日不落的王!

     我已向他禀报,你的才具,你的赤诚。他会擢升你的;

     虽然偶尔想起我会让他不安。

     但我亦知王上禀性高贵,不会让你报效的祈愿落空。

     好克伦威尔,不要怠慢王上,要善用当下这一契机,

     给自己一个稳妥的未来。

克伦威尔:哦,大人!那么,我一定要离开您吗?

     我一定要背弃您这样善良、高贵、真挚的主人吗?

     只要他的心不是顽铁铸成,他就会见证我克伦威尔离开

     主人是多么伤怀。我会为王上致力,但我的祈祷却永远永远属于

     我的主人您。

伍 尔 西:克伦威尔,我本不想为一己的不幸落泪,但你,你的赤诚

     却让我扮起女人的角色。让我们拭去泪水吧,克伦威尔,听我说;

     当世人都将我忘怀,当我长眠在冰冷、沉闷的大理石棺中,

     再也听不到人们提及我,告诉他们,我曾教你;跟他们说,

     那曾在名利途中踌躇的伍尔西,

     那曾探勘过荣光的深渊与浅滩的大主教,

     从他的蹭蹬中为你找到了晋身之途。

     一个稳妥、万全的捷径,尽管你的主人错过了。

     只要记住我的蹉跌,记住是什么毁了我,

     克伦威尔,我忠告你,抛却妄念,

     天使曾因那份原罪堕落;那么,人,作为他的造物者的映像,

     怎么能期望凭借妄念、野心来获胜?

     永远自爱:珍视那些憎恨你的心灵;

     正直比腐败获得更多。在你的右手携着温雅的和平,

     让嫉妒的舌头不再喋喋。公正,无畏:

     让你的所有目标都是你的国家、上帝与真理的鹄的。

     如果你失败了,哦,克伦威尔,如果你竟失败了,

     那你将成为受人尊崇的烈士!哦,克伦威尔,报效王上吧;

     呶,请引我进去,把我所有的一切登记造册,直到最后一个便士。

     那一切都归于王上:我的法衣,我的正直却属于天国。我

     敢于说它们是我自己的。哦,克伦威尔,克伦威尔,

     如果我曾以报效王上的一半热忱敬奉上帝,他也不会让我

     在这样的风烛残年赤身对敌。

克伦威尔:大人,您要有耐心。

伍 尔 西:我有。别了,邀宠宫廷的希望!我的希望高居天国!

(莎士比亚——《亨利八世》,第三幕·第二场)

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