阅卷老师评分时，会首先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以档次的要求来衡量，确定或降低档次，最后给分。在应用文的写作中，考生在做到语言准确的情况下，还需要注意交际得体和语意连贯。
如果考生能够做到以下四要素，那么所写文章就有望达到一档文水准：
第一要素：审题准确，交际得体；
第二要素：内容完整充实；
第三要素：结构清晰，语意连贯；
第四要素：语言准确。
其中，要做到“第四要素：语言准确”，考生需要在日常听读练习时积累写作中可以使用的单词、短语和句子，同时注意英语和汉语的不同，以提升表达的准确性，争取掌握地道的表达。请阅读本书“常见应用文语料库实践应用”章节内容进行学习和积累。
下面先来说说如何在写作中做到其他三要素。
示例：
题目要求：
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你的外教Jim写一封邮件，告诉他你打算参加“彩色跑”，并希望他一起参加。邮件的内容包括：
1. 介绍“彩色跑”的相关内容 （时间、地点、参加者等）；
2. 说明你打算参加的原因；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：彩色跑 The Color Run
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
第一步：审题，确定文体特征（实现第一要素：审题准确，交际得体）
通过阅读题目要求，做到：
1. 明确信件类型，确定开头和结尾的功能句
首先确定写作目的，明确开头和结尾表达，即所谓的功能句。本邮件主要内容：我（李华）要参加“彩色跑”，询问Jim是否参加，因此开头和结尾要表达希望或询问。如，开头：I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan to join in the Color Run, a fashionable and fun race. I wonder if you can go with me.结尾：I hope to meet you in the Color Run.
2. 明确文体和语气，使交际得体
根据写作对象，确定语体形式，即正式或非正式。本文写给外教Jim，所以语气应礼貌得体，让对方有一种被尊重、愉悦的心情，产生参加“彩色跑”的兴趣。避免使用命令句，表达愿望和建议时可以使用虚拟语气，如：I would be very happy if you would join us.
第二步：确定写作内容（实现第二要素：内容完整充实），列提纲关注篇章结构和行文逻辑（实现第三要素：结构清晰，语意连贯）
文章主体内容分为三部分：1. 介绍“彩色跑”的相关内容；2. 说明我（李华）打算参加的原因；3. 询问对方的意向。
1. 介绍 “彩色跑”的相关内容，需要添加合理的内容
除了时间、地点和参加者外，还要添加有关“彩色跑”的信息。如果考生不了解“彩色跑”的具体内容，至少要写出这是一项跑步活动。如果考生能准确描述彩色跑活动，会在内容项上加分。以下信息可供参考：
The Color Run, also known as the Happiest 5K on the Planet, was founded by Utah native and event producer Travis Snyder in March 2011, in an effort to encourage professionals and novices to run together for fun and to promote healthiness and happiness.
The untimed event has no winners or prizes, but runners are showered with colored powder, made of food-grade corn starch, at stations along the run.
2. 说明我（李华）打算参加的原因，需要进行丰富的联想
至少清楚表达一条合理的理由，可从对学生个人益处的角度来写，也可从对他人或社会的作用来写，如：一直渴望参与这一传统运动；促进个人健康；鼓励正在与病魔顽强抗争的朋友；鼓励人们追求积极健康的生活方式；为爱而奔跑等。
3. 询问对方的意向，注意语气委婉
询问Jim意向，只需要一句话即可，最好能表明希望Jim参加活动的意愿。不必列出很多理由，避免造成劝说嫌疑，因为题目要求是“希望”“询问”，因此本部分不需要添加过多内容。
在构思文章内容的时候需要考虑到这三部分之间的联系。第一部分介绍“彩色跑”的目的是为了帮助对方了解基本信息，第二部分“我”参与的原因是为了帮助对方进一步了解活动目的，第三部分在介绍一定相关信息的基础上，询问对方意向，因此三部分之间是有机联系在一起的。可表述如下：
The Color Run will be held in Beijing on December 6th. Everyone can sign up for it as long as he or she is healthy. I've decided to participate in this activity because it will benefit me physically. In addition, I can make some new friends since it's a party of sports fans across the world. If you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information.
考场一档作文欣赏：
一档作文1
Dear Jim,
I am a Senior Three student from your class and I am writing to invite you to join us in the Color Run next Friday afternoon.
This is an annual activity for the students and teachers in our school. I attended and had great fun last time and certainly won't miss it this year. There will be over a hundred runners going through the route from in front of the Teaching Building through the Birch Lanes to the school square. You know how exciting it will be when laughter and songs and color puffs bust in the air and the runners' white shirts are painted into a rainbow-like color. The mid-term exam will be over then, and the Color Run will sure free us from the monotony of daily study. Thus I really hope you will be there with us and have a great time.
Please text me to let me know if you will be free by then and accept the invitation. You may find more detailed information from school posters.
Looking forward to your reply. (179)
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：
1. 内容完整，对“彩色跑”有较深入的理解和体验；
2. 条理清楚，文章整体连贯、流畅；
3. 交际得体，尤其是谈及自己参与活动的理由时提到了自己去年的感受，真实可信；
4. 语言准确，句式丰富，体现出较强的语言运用能力。
一档作文2
Dear Jim,
I'm writing to tell you that I'd like to participate in the Color Run. I eagerly hope that you can come with me.
The Color Run will be held on November 9th in the Olympic Central Park. It will start at 8：30 and end at 11：30, lasting for two hours. Over five hundred people will take part in it. How nice!
You know that I'm fond of exercising. The Color Run is not only an activity for exercising, but also for entertaining. I'm convinced that I would gain much fun from this activity. Besides, it is also a chance to make some new friends who have the same interests as me. What's more, participating in this activity is a great way to relax, especially after the mid-term exam.
Sounds interesting, right? It would be great if you could come.
I am looking forward to hearing from you. (147)
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：
1. 内容完整、结构清晰。第一段介绍写信目的，第二段介绍活动内容，第三段介绍“我”参加的理由，全文最后以希望回信结束。
2. 使用有效的连接成分，如：besides, what's more，使文章逻辑性较强，条理清晰。
3. 交际性强，如：How nice! Sounds interesting, right? 交际得体，如：It would be great if you could come.
4. 语言表达准确，句式丰富，如使用非谓语：lasting for two hours和it is also a chance to make ...，以及宾语从句：I'm convinced that ...
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