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多种基因的联合效应

时间:2022-03-14 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:许多研究表明,某种生物现象或药物效应的发生过程中,单一基因的影响力可能很小。由于研究方法、样本构成、种族等因素的影响或变异可能大大超过基因的影响,因此不同研究之间的较大的差异完全可以理解。由于人的精神活动或某种异常的精神状态可能涉及到多种因素,多种基因的共同影响是不可避免的,就像人格与多种基因的不确定性有关一样。

许多研究表明,某种生物现象或药物效应的发生过程中,单一基因的影响力可能很小。由于研究方法、样本构成、种族等因素的影响或变异可能大大超过基因的影响,因此不同研究之间的较大的差异完全可以理解。另外人们对抗抑郁药物引起转相的认识同样还存在着很大的差异,这至少也影响着“入组”的标准问题,显然这个标准对结果的差异影响也不可低估。由于人的精神活动或某种异常的精神状态可能涉及到多种因素,多种基因的共同影响是不可避免的,就像人格与多种基因的不确定性有关一样。Benjamin(2000)等在研究中分别测定了DRD4,5-HTTLPR,COMT 3种基因,结果发现,在5-HTTLPR为长重复片段、COMT为高活性纯合子等位基因中,DRD4长等位基因者人格特征中新异性寻求得分显著高于短等位基因,且DRD4与5-HTTLPR以及5-HTTLPR与COMT的交互作用也达到显著水平。针对抗抑郁药物引起的转相,Serretti等(2004)对5-HTTLPR及色胺酸羟化酶(tryptophan hydroxylase,TPH)、G蛋白β3亚单位(G-protein beta 3 subunit,Gbeta 3)、A型单胺氧化酶(monoamine oxidase A,MAO-A)和COMT,5-HT2A,DRD2,DRD4的基因多态性进行研究,结果并没有发现如此众多的基因与抗抑郁药物引发的转相有关,可见要研究,特别是寻找抗抑郁药物引发的转相这个常见临床现象的生物学基础还有很多路要走,任重道远。

(金卫东 马永春)

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