包装与装运

第二十七课　包装与装运

参考译文

◎背景简介

包装和装运在外贸中十分重要，因为吸引人的包装有助于货物的销售，包装和装运的最终目的就是要使所运输的货物完美无缺地抵达。解决了付款条件和交货日期之后，张先生打算和布朗先生商量包装与装运问题。

◎情景会话

1.关于包装方法

B：张先生，谈判进展得很顺利。我们已经在价格、数量、付款条件和交货日期方面达成了协议，这一次谈点什么呢？

Z：下面我要提出来供讨论的是包装方式问题。

B：好吧，让我们换个议题，谈谈包装吧。包装是产品的一部分，十分重要，我想听听你对包装的意见。

Z：我认为，不同的商品需要不同的包装，像纺织品，我们用瓦楞型纸板箱。

B：你也许说得对，但是这批货物要转运的话，你不担心会受潮或经得起雨淋吗？我们希望你在包装问题上作出改进。

Z：不用担心，每个纸板箱都衬有防水材料的。这是一种保护性的外包装。

2.劝说某人接受一种包装（1）

B：可是，纸板箱对长途海运来说结实吗？

Z：当然结实，我认为，像纺织品这类轻货，瓦楞纸板箱是够好了，这批箱子比较轻，所以容易搬运，纸板箱不会和笨重的货物在一起堆放。此外，我们还用铁皮来加固。并在每个角上加上金属角。

B：哦，张先生，我宁肯稳当点，纸板箱容易割破，还得把被盗的风险考虑进去。

Z：从另一方面来讲，撬破纸板箱是很容易被人发现，这就使人对这种包装不敢轻举妄动。况且，我们的纸板箱是由特殊材料制成的，轻而结实。

B：但我仍然不放心，万一发生损坏和偷盗，保险公司可能会以包装不当而拒绝赔偿。

Z：你不必担心，这种纸板箱够结实了，能适合海运，国际贸易中广泛使用这种纸板箱来包装这种货物，保险公司不可能以此为理由拒绝赔偿。

B：好吧，张先生，如果你可以担保这一点，我们是很乐意接受纸板箱的包装的。

Z：哦，布朗先生，你不认为最好把这个问题向保险公司提出来，我们所能做到的是保证包装得适合海运。但是超过这以外的任何事情我们都不能承担责任。

3.劝说某人接受一种包装（2）

B：我很想知道你们怎样包装这一船丝绸女衬衫呢？

Z：我们通常用聚氯乙烯袋和纸板箱，那就是说，每件衬衫装一个袋，十打装一纸板箱。

B：嗯，听起来很好，又简单，但是，我还有几个问题要问。

Z：是吗，说吧。

B：你也许知道，我们的市场上，有许多从其他国家进口的服装，所以你方的产品不仅需要在价格上和质量上要富有竞争力，而且在包装上也要有竞争力。你一定十分清楚，醒目的包装有助于我们的推销，因此，包装必须醒目，外观必须吸引人，装潢要有自己独特的风格。

Z：你可以相信，我们的包装设计与色彩会适合美国人的风味，我们的包装如果不比别人的好，也可以同他们的媲美。我们相信，你对我们装潢雅致的女衬衫包装是会满意的，每件衬衫装一个袋，以备在橱窗里陈列。

B：关于外包装，能否改为木板箱？

Z：如果你们坚持，我们可以改用木板箱作外包装，但这种包装费用高。我们有瓦楞纸板箱作轻便货物的外包装多年了，迄今为止没有出过什么麻烦。

B：既然如此，我们就接受这种包装。

4.希望买方允许分期装运

Z：我们既然在包装问题上达成了协议，可以讨论下一个问题—装运问题了。布朗先生，你意下如何？

B：那好，你能否告诉我，你们如何装运这批货物？

Z：我们一般采用定期装运。

B：对我们这批货，能否考虑即期装运？

Z：不，恐怕很难办理，因为我们不能很快从厂家那里得到所有的这批货物。

B：我们这批装船的最后期限究竟是什么时候？

Z：为了准备货物，我们希望允许分期装船。

B：我们订购的这批货物是季节性商品，还是一次发运好。

Z：我们无法一次发运。因为碰巧这两个月内没有从这里驶往你方港口的直达船。昨天我们的运输部门告诉我，下个月底前开往美国的班船舱位已全部订满，恐怕我们也无能为力了。

B：据说不定期船还是有的。

Z：有的，不过很少，即使搞到了这样一条不定期船，我也不敢担保是否有足够的吨位装运全部货物。

5.买主要求转船

B：假如允许转船，有没有可能？

Z：转船增加了费用和受损的风险，并且有时可能延迟到货，因为到美国的转船舱位也很紧张，我们好歹去试试看。

B：当然，我们愿意直运，但是假如你们弄不到直达船，我们别无选择，只好转船。

Z：是的，我们完全理解，我们马上着手了解衔接船只的情况。

B：就我所知，首尔船务代理公司在六月中旬左右有一条从首尔去美国的班船，如果你们能设法赶上那条船，一切就好办了。

Z：让我们接受指定的二程船很困难。有许多因素可能会使货物错过想要装的船期，此外，你是否肯定这条船停靠旧金山？ 船是否已满载？

B：我认为，如果我们立即着手进行，那是有希望的。事情万一越来越糟，就把货物运到洛杉矶吧，我们把洛杉矶作为备用目的港，怎么样？

Z：好，你看这样规定行不行：“第一批货物将于六月中旬装在第一艘订到的船上。允许在首尔转船，目的港为旧金山或洛杉矶。”

B：张先生，能否请你设法说服你方厂家作一次特别的努力，一次把货交完呢？

Z：恐怕不能。情况是这样的：昨天下午，我根据订单到工厂去核实他们的生产进度，发现我们的厂家眼下生产任务确实很重，他们现在正以三班倒的办法来加快生产，他们确实在全力以赴供应订货。

B：我明白了，张先生。这是他们目前所能做到的最大限度的努力了，谢谢他们的合作。

6.装运中的具体问题

B：装船时数量是不是容许有机动幅度？

Z：可能有些出入，但不能超过每批规定数量的5％。

B：这些差额怎样计算？

Z：差额以后按合同价格结算。

B：货物的运费应由卖方负责吧？

Z：根据CIF价格条款，卖方应当负责成本加保险费、运费价，还包括出口所需的任何关税费用和其他办理出口的一切手续费。

B：按合同规定，我会在装船前20天将装船须知用传真告知贵方。

Z：而我们会给你们寄送装船通知，将船名、预计受载日期、装载量、合同号码、船泊代理人告诉你方。

B：很高兴我们双方就装运和包装问题达成了协议。

7.谈论集装箱服务

A：听说你们开辟了上海和欧美之间的集装箱运输航线。

B：是的。我们越来越多地利用集装箱船只来装运发往那个地区的货。

A：集装箱的尺寸有多大？

B：我们的集装箱有两种尺寸，分别为10英尺长和20英尺长。

A：你们的货柜有温度控制装置吧？

B：有的，而且不透水、不透空气以保护货物不致因高温、水或潮湿而受损。集装箱两面开门，同时可以进行装卸。

A：货柜的优点可真不少。可以大大加快装卸进程。

◎参考答案

I.Comprehension questions on situational conversation：

1.He is going to discuss the way of packing and shipment this time.

2.Because attractive packing would help to sell the goods and the ultimate purpose of packing and shipment is to keep the transported goods in perfect condition with nothing missing on arrival.

3.He thinks different articles require different packing and corrugated cardboard boxes are suitable to textiles.

4.He thinks that the corrugated cardboard boxes could not prevent water and the goods might be spoiled by dampness or rain.Meanwhile, he feels that the corrugated cardboard boxes are not strong enough for long-distance ocean transportation.

5.Yes, I do.Because the corrugated cardboard boxes are comparative light, and therefore easy to handle.Besides, every box is lined with waterproof material, which can be used to prevent water.And to make them strong enough to stand rough handling, the boxes can be reinforced with metal straps and metal angles at each corner.

6.I don’t think so, because tempering with the corrugated cardboard boxes can be easier detected, which would prevent people from trying their hands on such packing, what’s more, the cardboard boxes are made of special materials, light, but strong.

7.They will use polythene wrappers as inner packing and corrugated cardboard boxes as outer packing, that is, they pack each piece of silk blouses in a polythene wrapper, and ten dozen to a cardboard box.

8.A packing that catches the eye and is attractive in appearance, and has a design of special style will be competitive.

9.Because the goods he has ordered are seasonal goods.In order to catch the selling season and get a lot of profit, he should have more goods to sell in good season.So he asks Mr.Zhang to ship the goods at one time.

10.Because there is no direct steamer to the port of destination in these two months.The liner space for America up to the end of next month has been fully booked up.

11.Because there are so many factors that might make the goods miss the intended sailing.Besides, anybody can’t be sure the vessel will call at the destination port and can’t know if it is already carrying a full load.

12.They’ll calculate the quantity difference on board ship according to contracted price at a later time.

II.Complete the following dialogues：

1.B：We pack each piece of the computer in a polybag, half a dozen to a box, and ten dozen to a carton.

2.B：We use cardboard boxes as the outer packing for such lightweight articles as textiles, but for computers, we use wooden boxes as outer packing.

3.B：You can rest assured that our packing will be on a par with(和……相等) that of other competitors.The design of our packing is of our own style.

4.B：When you pack, please put 2-3 different designs and colours in each box.This will make it convenient for us to make distribution to the retailers.

5.B：We usually do our labeling ourselves as we are responsible for the brand labels of our own products.

6.B：We prefer to have the China National Chartering Corporation take care of the shipping.(or：To make it easier for us to get the goods ready for shipment, we hope that partial shipment will be allowed.)

7.B：No.I’m afraid it’s very difficult for us to do so because we cant get all the goods from our manufacturers on time.

8.B：We’ll try our best to do so.Shipment can be effected within 2 weeks after receipt of your L/C.(or：We can assure you that shipment will be made not later than the middle of June.)

9.B：Mr.A, we usually make a direct shipment, but we were just told that recently the port is very congested.Direct sailings to your port are very few.So we want you to allow our transshipping the goods.

10.B：No, we can’t ship them all at one time.We hope that partial shipment is allowed.The manufacturers said that the best they can do is to fill part of your order.Under such circumstance we can do nothing, but ask you to allow partial shipment.

III.Make sentences with the following：

1.There is another proposal we wish to bring up for your kind consideration.

2.Every cardboard box is lined with waterproof plastic so that it can prevent water.

3.Each size must be stowed away with each other.

4.Here are the quantities of customer’s order to be taken into account.

5.The consignee would refuse to take delivery on the grounds of the badly damaged goods.

6.You can rest assured that the prices we offer you are very favorable.

7.As for our credit and financial, you may please refer to our bank, the Bank of China in London.

8.Up to now we haven’t received your L/C.

9.Would you please find some way to get round your manufacturers to deliver the goods earlier?

10.We shall do our utmost to advance the shipment.

IV.Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English, then use them to replace the italicized words or phrases in the sentences：

1.① the outer packing should be strong enough for long-distance ocean transportation

② the inner packing that catches the eye must help us push sales

③ for dangerous and poisonous goods, the nature and the generally adopted symbol shall be marked obviously on each package

④ shipment should be effected by the end of September, other wise, we are not be able to catch the season

⑤ shipment in the middle of October will be too late

2.① the corrugated cardboard boxes will be used as the outer packing for textiles

② he price should be reduced by 5％ in order to strike the deal

③ the outer packing would be reinforced with metal straps so as to stand rough handling

④ his advice should be adopted so as to ship the goods on Dong Feng in time;

⑤ you will try to persuade the manufacturers to give our order your special consideration, step up production and deliver the goods earlier

3.① the shipped goods from being stolen

② the chilled beef from being dirty

③ both of our two companies from establishing trade relations

④ us from accepting new orders

⑤ both of the two countries from signing the trade contract

4.① we may agree to have the goods transshipped Via Rotterdam

② our goods can arrive in time for the Christmas rush

③ our new strong wooden boxes for outer packing can be well protected against dampness, moisture, rest and be able to stand shock and rough handling

④ shipment was made on S.S.Dongfeng on August 4th for transshipment at Hongkong

⑤ shipment will be effected as soon as possible to enable our buyers to catch the brisk demand at the start of the season

5.① Many of our business friends in Britain, France, Switzerland, Italy and Germany are paying for our exports in Chinese currency

② there are risks of pilferage or damage to the goods during transportation in Seoul

③ the workers of the factory are working in three shifts to step up production to fill your order

④ our company haven’t received you shipping instruction at all

⑤ this machine will last longer, be lighter and much easier to operate

6.① the quality of our product

② the favorable price we offered

③ our packing being attractive

④ the good service we offered

⑤ our reduction in price

V.Read and translate the following mini dialogues：

1.询问包装方式（1）

A：B先生，这是我头一次和你做买卖。我想听听你对包装这个问题的意见。

B：行，A先生，总的说来，不同的货物需要不同的包装。至于衬衣，我们每件使用一个聚氯乙烯袋作为内包装，准备柜窗陈列。

A：你方产品不仅在价格上、质量上要有竞争力，而且在包装上也要有竞争力。因为我们市场上有大量来自其他国家的衬衫。包装的外观有助于我们的推销，这一点你一定明白。

B：谢谢你的忠告，我能向你保证，我们包装的设计与色彩是会适合西方国家人们的风味的。

2.询问包装方式（2）

A：你们的丝绸衬衫用什么做内包装？

B：谈到丝绸女衬衫，我们每件用一个聚氯乙烯袋作内包装准备作柜窗陈列。

A：运输途中使用什么保护性的包装？

B：我们10打装一纸箱，每箱毛重约28公斤。

3.要求新包装

A：恐怕纸板箱不够结实，难以适应远洋运输，贵方会采取措施来加固吗？

B：我们会用铁皮加固。

A：能否改用木板作内包装呢？

B：如果你坚持，我们可以改用木板箱作外包装，但木板箱成本高，那将意味着价格要提高。

A：既然如此，就用纸板箱吧。

B：好吧，买卖就此敲定。

4.接受包装条款

A：你考虑过吗？纸板箱容易被割开，我仍然担心万一损坏和偷盗的事情发生，保险公司会拒绝赔款。

B：不必着急，纸板箱在国际贸易中广泛应用于这种货物的包装，万一发生那种情况，保险公司没有理由拒绝赔偿。

A：B先生，如果你能担保，我就接受这种包装。

B：你大可放心好了，纸板箱用于我们的对外装运中多年了，从未出过问题。你可以去保险公司把情况落实。对超过这以外的责任，我们概不承担。

5.询问装运时间

A：如果你收到我们的信用证后立即装运，我们将十分感谢。

B：通常，我们收到你方信用证后三个星期内交货。

A：我们要求转运。

B：为什么你方要求转运？这会增加费用和受损的风险。

A：因为两月内没有从这里开往我处的直达船。

B：我们将和中国船泊公司联系，该公司在运输行业中有着良好的声誉。

6.提前装运（1）

A：B先生，因为我们要货急用，能否立即交货。

B：没问题。我们可以从存货中取100吨来满足贵方需要。

A：至于其余500吨，请于六月中旬一次装运。

B：对不起，那办不到，我们无法在短期内向厂家弄到那么多货物。

A：那么，最早可能在什么时候装运呢？

B：那太晚了，不管怎样，你们能设法提前点装运呢？

A：我们最多只能提前半个月装运，即在六月底，这对贵方有益吗？

B：那好，谢谢你们的密切合作。

7.提前装运（2）

A：你方能不能提前点交货？

B：很抱歉，无法办到。你知道，备货、制单、订船只舱位都需要时间。一个月之内不能交货。

A：收到我方信用证后还要多久才能装运呢？

B：你方信用证抵达我方早，装运就快。

A：我一到达家里就开证，下月初会抵达贵方。

B：我们将尽力将装运期提前半个月，即六月中旬。

8.催装

A：B先生，我刚才收到国内公司电传通知，说我方客户急需这批货物。但迄今他们未收到贵方的任何装运信息。

B：装运延误，很抱歉。问题在于驶往贵方口岸的船只很少。

A：如果贵方弄不到直达船，我们可以同意在香港转船。

B：我将和我方那里的发货代理联系一下，看看情况如何。

A：你知道，我们必须赶上销售季节，否则我们就亏了。

B：这一点我理解，我们会尽快装运。