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哲理故事类

时间:2022-02-25 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:解题分析:根据下文信息a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry可知,此处是说“我”收到来自一名17岁女孩凯丽的信,receive a letter from sb. 为固定搭配,意为“收到某人的来信”,所以正确答案为A。

[学习建议:第14天完成]

Section 1:线索定位训练

下面的真题中已将已知线索加粗,主要目的是训练同学们养成寻找已知线索的习惯。

One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. Howeve, life can be 1 when you are not busy finding fault with it.

Several years ago I 2 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerr, who described herself as a world-class fault-finde, almost always 3 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed he, and 4 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 5 person.

Unfortunatel, it took a horrible accident to change her 6 . Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 7 to deal with was that the day before the 8 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 9 of boyfriend, the way she was livin, the way she related to her mothe, and various other things she felt she needed to 10 . It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 11 her habit of finding fault. Very quickl, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 12 everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 13 as well.

Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-findin,  14 when we're hones, we can be sharply 15 of the world. I'm not suggesting you 16 problem, or that you pretend things are 17 than they ar, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 18 most of the tim, and especially when it's not a really big 19 .

Train yourself to"bite your tongue",and with a little 20 , you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you d, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

1. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy

2. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected

3. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled

4. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing

5. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising

6. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation

7. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible

8. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure

9. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice

10. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit

11. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about

12. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle

13. A. family B. life C. career D. education

14. A. so B. or C. but D. for

15. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical

16. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore

17. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse

18. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far

19. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty

20. A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity

Section 2:答案详解

文章大意:本文通过讲述生活中处处挑错的女孩凯丽的经历指出,我们不要总是看到生活的阴暗面,这样才能更有生活的动力,才能发现世界的美好。

1. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 孤独的;B. 极好的;C. 安静的;D. 不舒服的

解题分析:根据下文信息when you are not busy finding fault with it可知,本句是说,如果你不忙于吹毛求疵,人生可以变得很美好,所以正确答案为B。

2. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 收到;B. 回答;C. 期望;D. 拒绝

解题分析:根据下文信息a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry可知,此处是说“我”收到来自一名17岁女孩凯丽的信,receive a letter from sb. 为固定搭配,意为“收到某人的来信”,所以正确答案为A。

3. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 威胁;B. 打断;C. 困扰;D. 溺爱

解题分析:根据上文信息a world-class fault-finder可知,这名叫作凯丽的女孩说自己是一个“顶级的挑剔者”,根据常识,挑剔的人容易被各种事情困扰,而且下文中出现了annoye, 所以正确答案为C。

4. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 任何事;B. 每一件事;C. 某事;D. 没事

解题分析:根据上文信息People were always doing things that annoyed her可知,人们做的事情总是令她恼怒,说明没有一件事是足够好的,所以正确答案为D。

5. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 关心的;B. 令人厌烦的;C. 有趣的;D. 令人惊讶的

解题分析:根据上文信息She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends可知,她具有高度的自我批评精神,也会挑自己朋友的毛病,总挑别人的毛病会令人感到厌烦,因此此处是说她成了一个非常令人厌烦的人,所以正确答案为B。

6. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 态度;B. 计划;C. 措施;D. 解释

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,一场事故的发生改变了她(挑剔)的态度,所以正确答案为A。

7. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 紧急的;B. 不必要的;C. 确定的;D. 不可能的

解题分析:根据下文信息Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her可知,凯丽拜访了她的朋友,并一直在批判朋友的生活,而第二天这位朋友就在一场车祸中受重伤,这让情况变得难以应对,所以正确答案为D。

8. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 场合;B. 事件;C. 事故;D. 冒险

解题分析:考查原词重现。根据上文信息accident可知,凯丽的朋友在一场车祸中受重伤,这里讲的是让情况变得基本不可处理的原因是事故发生的前一天,凯丽拜访了她的这位朋友,并且在这期间一直在批判朋友的生活,所以正确答案为C。

9. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 记忆;B. 注意;C. 证据;D. 选择

解题分析:空格处后面是of boyfriend, 分析四个选项,并结合常识,一般说“选择男友”比较合适,所以正确答案为D。

10. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 听;B. 贡献;C. 表达;D. 承认

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,凯丽是个喜欢挑朋友毛病的人,此处是说,她对那位朋友生活的方方面面批判了一通,express符合语义,所以正确答案为C。

11. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 意识到;B. 担心,害怕;C. 对……好奇;D. 对……感到迷惑

解题分析:根据下文信息It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt可知,直到凯丽的朋友受了重伤,凯丽才意识到自己挑毛病的习惯,所以正确答案为A。

12. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 讨论;B. 意识到;C. 评价;判断;D. 解决

解题分析:根据上文信息she learned to appreciate life可知,她学会了欣赏生活而不是对每件事都进行刻薄的评价,所以正确答案为C。

13. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 家庭;B. 生活;C. 职业,事业;D. 教育

解题分析:考查原词重现。根据上文信息she learned to appreciate life可知,她能够将她的新想法用在生活的其他方面,此处又一次提到她的生活,与上文呼应,所以正确答案为B。

14. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 所以;B. 或者;C. 但是;D. 因为

解题分析:考查反义转折逻辑。空格前面说,也许我们中的大多数人都不会那样极端地挑剔生活,空格后面说,我们可以尖锐地批判世界,显然前后出现了语义转折,所以正确答案为C。

15. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 自豪的;B. 确信的;C. 有希望的;D. 批判的

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,此处是与most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding形成逻辑上的转折关系,空格处所填词应与fault-finding意思相近,所以正确答案为D。

16. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 面对;B. 创造;C. 解决;D. 忽略

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,上文谈到大多数人都不会极端地挑剔生活,所以此处应该意为“我并不是建议你忽视这些问题”,所以正确答案为D。

17. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 更珍贵的;更稀有的;B. 更好的;C. 更奇怪的;D. 更坏的

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,空格前说“我不是建议你忽视这些问题”,此处进一步阐述,说“也不是建议你假装认为事情比它本身更好”,所以正确答案为B。

18. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 至少;B. 最后;C. 到现在为止;D. 迄今为止

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,此句意为“至少在大多数时间里,你应该学习让事物以它本身的样子存在”,所以正确答案为A。

19. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 任务;B. 很多,大量;C. 结果;D. 责任

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,此处意为“尤其是当这不是什么特别大的事情时”,a big deal为固定搭配,意为“大事;重要人物”,所以正确答案为B。

20. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 练习;B. 演讲;C. 休息;D. 遗憾

解题分析:考查同义重现。根据上文信息Train yourself to"bite your tongue"可知,训练自己“管住自己的嘴巴”,这需要稍加练习,train与practice语义相符,所以正确答案为A。

Section 1:真题精练

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

I used to be a very self-centered perso, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 1 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a 2 person.

I think my 3 started when I was at Palomar College. At firs, I just wanted to get my 4 and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone els, so I hardly ever 5 to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semeste, I was really 6 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) 7 . I started asking people around me how they were doin, and if they were having trouble I 8 to help. That was really a big 9 for me. By the end of the yea, I had several new friend, and two of 10 are still my best friends today.

A bigger cause of my new 11 , howeve, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer's disease became my 12 . Every time I came into her roo, she was so 13 because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never 14 he, so I took her place. She let me 15 that making others feel good made me feel goo, too. When she die, I was 16 , but I was also very grateful to her.

I think I am a much 17 person today than I used to b, and I hope I will not 18 these experiences. They have 19 me to care about other people more than about myself. I 20 who I am toda, and I could not say that a few years ago.

1. A. since B. before C. or D. unless

2. A. famous B. simple C. different D. skilled

3. A. education B. career C. tour D. change

4. A. balance B. homework C. degree D. interest

5. A. talked B. wrote C. lied D. reported

6. A. careful B. lonely C. curious D. guilty

7. A. argument B. game C. experiment D. defense

8. A. dared B. offered C. hesitated D. happened

9. A. dream B. problem C. duty D. step

10. A. us B. which C. them D. whom

11. A. attitude B. hobby C. hope D. luck

12. A. friend B. partner C. guide D. guest

13. A. polite B. happy C. strange D. confident

14. A. bothered B. answered C. visited D. trusted

15. A. explain B. guess C. declare D. see

16. A. homeless B. heartbroken C. bad-tempered D. hopeless

17. A. quieter B. busier C. better D. richer

18. A. forget B. face C. improve D. analyze

19. A. forced B. preferred C. ordered D. taught

20. A. miss B. like C. wonder D. expect

Section 2:答案详解

文章大意:本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过讲述自己从以自我为中心、没有朋友转变为关心他人、帮助他人、与人和谐相处的经历,说明做一个帮助他人的人是幸福的,试着与他人交流,试着关心和帮助他人会让自己更开心。

1. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 自……以来;B. 在……之前;C. 或者;否则;D. 除非

解题分析:根据上文信息I used to be a very self-centered perso, but in the past two years I have really changed可知,作者现在和过去不一样了,也就是不以自我为中心了,言外之意就是先考虑别人,再考虑自己,所以用befor, 正确答案为B。

2. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 著名的;B. 简单的;C. 不同的;D. 熟练的

解题分析:根据上文信息I used to be a very self-centered perso, but in the past two years I have really changed可知,在过去的两年间作者变成了与之前不同的人,所以正确答案为C。

3. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 教育;B. 职业;C. 旅游;D. 改变

解题分析:考查原词重现。根据上文信息but in the past two years I have really changed可知,本段要讲的是作者的改变发生在什么时候,所以正确答案为D。

4. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 平衡;B. 家庭作业;C. 学位;D. 兴趣

解题分析:根据上文信息I was at Palomar College可知,作者上了大学,而上大学最首要的目标就是获得学位,所以正确答案为C。

5. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 交谈;B. 写作;C. 撒谎;D. 报告

解题分析:根据上文信息I thought I was smarter than everyone else可知,作者自认为比别人聪明,心高气傲,因此也几乎不与班级里的其他人交谈,所以正确答案为A。

6. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 小心的;B. 孤独的;C. 好奇的;D. 内疚的

解题分析:根据上文信息I hardly ever talked to anyone else可知,作者几乎不和班级里的其他人交谈,因此也就没有朋友,很孤独,所以正确答案为B。

7. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 争论;B. 游戏;比赛;C. 尝试;实验,试验;D. 防御

解题分析:根据下文信息I started asking people around me how they were doin, and if they were having trouble I…to help可知,作者开始和周围的人交流,这是一种尝试,所以正确答案为C。

8. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 敢于;B. 主动提出;C. 犹豫;D. 发生;碰巧

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,作者开始询问同学是否有他能帮助解决的问题,offer to help意为“主动提供帮助”,所以正确答案为B。

9. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 梦想;B. 问题;C. 责任;D. 步伐;步骤

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,作者上大学的第一学期从不和别人交流,现在尝试着询问周围的人在做什么,是否需要帮助,这对他来说是迈出了与人和谐相处的一大步,所以正确答案为D。

10. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 我们;B. 哪个;C. 他们;D. 谁

解题分析:考查语法结构。这是一个由and连接的并列句,前后都是简单句,后半句中表达“他们中有两人”,用two of the, 所以正确答案为C。本句中如果空格前面没有an, 那么就该选whom。

11. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 态度;B. 兴趣,爱好;C. 希望;D. 运气

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,上文说作者从不与班上的任何人交谈转变到试着与人交流并主动提供帮助,这是作者生活态度的转变,所以正确答案为A。

12. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 朋友;B. 伙伴;配偶;C. 导游;D. 客人

解题分析:根据上文信息I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home可知,作者去敬老院做兼职,此处应该是表达她与那里的一位老人成了朋友,所以正确答案为A。

13. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 礼貌的;B. 开心的;C. 奇怪的;D. 自信的

解题分析:考查因果逻辑。根据下文信息she thought I was her daughter可知,这位老妇人把作者当成了她的女儿,应该表明她很开心,所以正确答案为B。

14. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 打扰;B. 回答;C. 看望,拜访;D. 信任

解题分析:考查因果逻辑。根据下文信息so I took her place可知,作者之所以被老妇人当成了她的女儿,是因为她真正的女儿从来都不来看望她,所以正确答案为C。

15. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 解释;B. 猜想;C. 宣布;D. 明白;看

解题分析:根据下文信息making others feel good made me feel goo, too可知,老妇人使作者明白了“让他人开心也会使自己快乐”的人生道理,所以正确答案为D。

16. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 无家可归的;B. 心碎的;C. 坏脾气的;D. 无希望的

解题分析:根据上文信息可知,作者与老人相处得很好,代替她的女儿尽孝,所以老人去世的时候,作者一定很伤心,正确答案为B。

17. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 更安静的;B. 更忙的;C. 更好的;D. 更富有的

解题分析:考查全文主题。根据前后语义逻辑可知,作者明白了“让他人开心也会使自己快乐”的人生道理,愿意主动帮助他人,比起之前以自我为中心来说变成了更好的人,所以正确答案为C。

18. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 忘记;B. 面对;C. 提高;D. 分析

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,作者希望自己不会忘记这些宝贵的经历,所以正确答案为A。

19. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 强迫;B. 偏爱;C. 命令;D. 教会

解题分析:根据上文提到的making others feel good made me feel good可知,以上的这些经历一定是教会了作者关心别人胜过关心自己,所以正确答案为D。

20. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 思念;错过;B. 喜欢;C. 想知道;D. 期待

解题分析:根据上文提到的I think I am a much better person today than I used to be可知,作者认为自己现在变成了更好的人,正是这些转变使作者喜欢现在的自己,所以正确答案为B。

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