考点与主题重现

[学习建议：第3天完成]

作者讲解

Section 1：考点解读

问1：完形填空中的重现考点题主要有哪些？

答：完形填空中常见的重现考点题主要有以下4种：1. 原词重现题；2. 同义重现题；3. 同类重现题；4. 结构重现题。

问2：完形填空中的全文主题法如何解读？

答：每篇完形填空文章一定有一个主题，整篇文章都会围绕着这一主题来展开，而主题通常在文章的首段展现，然后在接下来的解题过程中围绕着主题进行选择就能确定答案。

Section 2：技巧解密

A. 考点重现法

1. 原词重现题

问：原词重现题有哪些要注意的地方？

答：要特别注意在完形填空中有的重现词在上文中出现，有的重现词在下文中出现。如果重现词在下文中出现，考生在解题时一定不要急于做题，必须要等到下文的词汇线索出现后再返回去解答，否则会出现错误。

"Daily Sta, si, ”called Jaso, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the stree, but there were still twenty　1　left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was heavy. The shops would soon clos, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home to, carrying the papers instead of money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a　2　for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money…

He thought of his bird with no　3　and the cake he wanted to buy for his mothe, but was determined that he would not tell a lie.

…

A week later Jason started his new　4　. He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a li, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.

1. A. shops　B. coins　C. people　D. papers

2. A. cup　B. card　C. comb　D. cake

3. A. bread　B. insects　C. seeds　D. water

4. A. duty　B. business　C. job　D. method

解析：

这4道题全都考查原词重现。

1. 由上文线索中提到的carrying some newspapers可知答案选, 小男孩还有20份报纸没有卖完。

2. 由下文线索中提到的the cake he wanted to buy for his mother可知答案选, 小男孩想给他妈妈买一个蛋糕。

3. 由上文线索中提到的some seeds for his bird可知答案为, 他想给小鸟买点种子吃。

4. 根据下文线索but got a well-paid job可知，小男孩得到了一份新工作，所以正确答案为C。

2. 同义重现题

In a land far awa, once upon a time there was great poverty（贫困），and only the rich could manage without great problems. Three of those rich men and their servants were travelling together on a road when they came to a very　1　village.

1. A. faraway　B. poor　C. different　D. ancient

解析：

本题考查的是同义重现。由上文线索提到的great poverty可知本题答案为, poor是poverty的形容词形式。

So　1　and heart-broke, she didn't go any further. She turned dow, and all of a sudden she saw an amazing sight. There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden.

1. A. anxious　B. angry　C. serious　D. sad

解析：

本题考查的是同义重现。由下文提到的heart-broken可知本题答案为, 悲伤和心碎在感情色彩上属于同义。

温馨提示：解答同义重现题的关键在于要找到和文中的哪一个词或短语是同义，有时候要注意可能是同一种感情色彩。

3. 同类重现题

同类重现是原词不出现，而是出现同一类别的词，比如都是文学类、饮食类、体育类等词。

Howeve, three days late, they met the third rich ma, who was coming in the opposite direction. He was still travelling quickl, but his wagon, instead of the gold and valuables they had been carryin, were now full of farming tools and bags of　1　. He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.

1. A. food　B. jewels　C. money　D. seeds

解析：

本题考查的是同类重现。根据上文线索full of farming tools可知第三个富人带的是农作工具，而与农作工具属于同一类的应该是种子，所以答案为D。

4. 结构重现题

I had some coins in my pocket but I would not give them to hi, thinking to myself he would　1　use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He looked like that type—young and ragge, but what was I going to spend the money on?Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate!

1. A. almost　B. only　C. rather　D. still

解析：

本考查的是结构重现。根据后文中的Only to feed my addiction to可知上文中也应是类似的结构only use the money to feed his addiction t, 所以答案选B。feed one's addiction to意为“满足某人对于……的嗜好”。

B. 主题重现法

全文主题通常会出现在文章的首段，而与之相关的考题通常会出现在末段，当然偶尔也有出现在中间某个段落的情况。

One afternoo, my son Adam asked m, "Are all people the same even if they are different in color?”

…

People are like apples. They come in all　1　color, shapes and sizes.

1. A. ordinary　B. normal　C. different　D. regular

解析：

第一段提到people are different in color。而最后一段又说，人就像是苹果，有着不同的肤色，与首段主题信息相呼应，所以本题答案为C。

I used to live selfishly. I should admit. But one moment changed me.

I was on my lunch break and had left the office to get something to eat. On the wa, I saw a busker（街头艺人），with a hat in front of him.

…

I stopped and dropped all the coins into his　1　，and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As　2　as it sound, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of　3　or satisfactio, for example. But nothing happened. 　4　，I walked off. "It proved to be a waste of mone, ”I thought.

1. A. rag　B. hat　C. pocket　D. counter

2. A. selfish　B. awkward　C. innocent　D. special

3. A. happiness　B. sadness　C. love　D. hate

4. A. Disappointedly　B. Unfortunately　C. Coincidentally　D. Comfortably

解析：

1. 原词重现法。第二段中提到了with a hat in front of hi, 所以此处应该是说作者把coins放到那个街头艺人的hat里面，所以本题答案为B。

2. 主题重现法。第一段中提到I used to live selfishl, 所以接下来的内容应与作者的一种selfish行为有关，而本题选项中正好有这一词，所以答案为A。

3. 同义重现法。与下文satisfaction一词的感情色彩相同，所以本题答案为happiness。

4. 逻辑推理法。属于已知上文线索推断未知下文。上文提到作者希望这位街头艺人有更多的表示，但是nothing happene, 所以作者的心情非常失望，所以本题答案为A。

Section 1：线索定位训练

下面的真题中已将已知线索加粗，主要目标是训练同学们养成寻找已知线索的习惯。

When I was 8 years ol, I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase　1　and some sandwiches in a ba, I started for the front door and said to Mo, "I'm leaving. ”

"If you want to　2　，that's all righ, ”she said. "But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way. ”I　3　my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.

"Wait a minut, ”Mom said. "I want your　4　back. You didn't wear anything when you arrived. ”This really angered me. I tore my clothes off—shoe, sock, underwear and all—and　5　，"Can I go now?”"Ye, ”Mom answere, "but once you close that doo, don't expect to come back. ”

I was so　6　that I slammed（砰地关上）the door and stepped out on the front porch. 　7　I realized that I was outsid, with nothing on. Then I noticed that down the stree, two neighbor girls were walking toward our house. I ran to　8　behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a whil, I was　9　the girls had passed by. I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly.

"Who's there?”I heard.

"It's Billy!Let me in!”

The voice behind the　10　answere, "Billy doesn't live here anymore. He ran away from home. ”Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was comin, I begge, "A, come o, Mom!I'm　11　your son. Let me in!”

The door inched open and Mom's smiling face appeared. "Did you change your　12　about running away?”she asked.

"What's for supper?”I answered.

1. A. packed　B. returned　C. cleaned　D. repaired

2. A. drop out　B. go by　C. move around　D. run away

3. A. pressed　B. shook　C. threw　D. pulled

4. A. bag　B. clothes　C. sandwiches　D. suitcase

5. A. explained　B. suggested　C. continued　D. shouted

6. A. angry　B. sorry　C. frightened　D. ashamed

7. A. Certainly　B. Naturally　C. Suddenly　D. Possibly

8. A. play　B. hide　C. rest　D. wave

9. A. sure　B. proud　C. eager　D. curious

10. A. house　B. tree　C. door　D. yard

11. A. also　B. still　C. even　D. already

12. A. conclusion　B. promise　C. concern　D. decision

Section 2：答案详解

文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者8岁时一次失败的离家出走经历。文章的首句就交代了本篇记叙文的时间、地点、人物以及主要事件，概括了文章的主旨。

1. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 打包；B. 返回；C. 打扫；D. 修理

解题分析：根据上文线索I once decided to run away from home可知，作者准备离家出走，所以应该是打包行李，正确答案为A。

2. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 退学；B. 经过，路过；C. 走来走去；D. 离开；逃跑

解题分析：考查原词重现和上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索I once decided to run away from home和I'm leaving可知，作者要离家出走。另外，文章倒数第三段也提到了he ran away from hom, 所以正确答案为D。

3. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 按，压；B. 摇动；C. 扔；D. 拉

解题分析：根据下文线索heavily可知，作者应该是把行李箱和三明治重重地扔到地上，所以正确答案为C。

4. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 袋子；B. 衣服；C. 三明治；D. 行李箱

解题分析：考查原词重现和上下文语义逻辑。根据下文线索You didn't wear anything when you arrived和I tore my clothes off可知，此处是说妈妈让作者脱下衣服，正确答案选B。

5. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 解释；B. 建议；C. 继续；D. 大喊

解题分析：根据上文线索This really angered me可知，作者很生气，所以应该是对妈妈大喊，故正确答案为D。

6. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 生气的；B. 抱歉的；C. 害怕的；D. 惭愧的

解题分析：考查原词重现和上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索This really angered me可知，作者很生气地关上门，本题答案为A。

7. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 当然地；B. 自然地；C. 突然地；D. 可能地

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，作者听到妈妈的话后很生气，所以就把衣服脱了并重重地摔门出去，然而当他关上门的那一刻他突然意识到自己是光着身子的，所以正确答案为C。

8. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 玩耍；B. 躲藏；C. 休息；D. 挥手

解题分析：根据上文线索two neighbor girls were walking toward our house可知，作者看到两个邻家女孩朝自己这边走来，而他光着身子，当然是想立刻找到藏身之地，所以正确答案为B。

9. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 确定的；B. 骄傲的；C. 渴望的；D. 好奇的

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，作者藏起来后，当然要确定女孩们离开后才能出来，所以正确答案为A。

10. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 房子；B. 树；C. 门；D. 院子

解题分析：考查原词重现和上下文语义逻辑。根据下文线索The door inched open and Mom's smiling face appeared可知，作者等女孩们离开后便去敲自己家的门，因此应答声是从门后传来的，所以正确答案为C。

11. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 也；B. 仍然；C. 甚至；D. 已经

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，作者向妈妈乞求说：“我仍然是你的儿子。”所以正确答案为B。

12. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 结论；B. 承诺；C. 关心；D. 决定

解题分析：考查原词重现和上下文语义逻辑。根据首段线索I once decided to run away from home可知，此处妈妈问作者是否改变了离家出走的决定，所以正确答案为D。

Section 1：真题精练

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

As a general rul, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常规）basis. As a matter of fac, we can see this　1　at work in people of all　2　. For exampl, on Christmas mornin, children are excited about　3　with their new toys. But their　4　soon wears off and by January those　5　toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of　6　stamp albums and unfinished model, each standing as a monument to someone's　7　interest. When parents bring home a pe, their child　8　bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short tim, howeve, the　9　of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great　10　but are soon looking forward to　11　. The same is true of the young adults going to college. And the, how many　12　，who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to wor, 　13　drove for hours at a time when they first　14　their driver's license（执照）?Before people retir, they usually　15　to do a lot of　16　thing, which they never had　17　to do while working. But　18　after retiremen, the golfin, the fishin, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they　19　. An, like the child in Januar, they go searching for new　20　.

1. A. principle　B. habit　C. way　D. power

2. A. parties　B. races　C. countries　D. ages

3. A. working　B. living　C. playing　D. going

4. A. confidence　B. interest　C. anxiety　D. sorrow

5. A. same　B. extra　C. funny　D. expensive

6. A. well-organized　B. colorfully-printed　C. newly-collected　D. half-filled

7. A. broad　B. passing　C. different　D. main

8. A. silently　B. impatiently　C. gladly　D. worriedly

9. A. promise　B. burden　C. right　D. game

10. A. courage　B. calmness　C. confusion　D. excitement

11. A. graduation　B. independence　C. responsibility　D. success

12. A. children　B. students　C. adults　D. retirees

13. A. carefully　B. eagerly　C. nervously　D. bravely

14. A. required　B. obtained　C. noticed　D. discovered

15. A. need　B. learn　C. start　D. plan

16. A. great　B. strong　C. difficult　D. correct

17. A. time　B. money　C. skills　D. knowledge

18. A. only　B. well　C. even　D. soon

19. A. lost　B. chose　C. left　D. quit

20. A. pets　B. toys　C. friends　D. colleagues

Section 2：答案详解

文章大意：人的一生中会有很多兴趣爱好，但是当这些兴趣爱好成为惯例时，人们很快就会对它们失去兴趣，转而去寻找新的兴趣爱好。作者在本文中以年龄为主线，分别举了儿童、青少年、成年人、即将退休的人以及已经退休的人的例子来证明这个理论。

1. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 原则；定理；B. 习惯；C. 方法；D. 权力

解题分析：考查同义重现。根据上文线索As a general rule可知，当各种活动变成常规的时候都会让人厌倦，principle是rule的同义词，所以正确答案为A。

2. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 聚会；B. 种族；C. 国家；D. 年龄

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，作者接下来分别列举了儿童、青少年和成年人的情况，以此说明各个年龄段的人都存在一开始对某件事感兴趣然后过段时间又厌烦的情况，所以正确答案为D。

3. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. work（with）与……一起工作；B. live（with）与……同住；C. play（with）与……玩耍；D. go（with）与……相配套

解题分析：根据下文线索their new toys可知，孩子们对于玩新玩具总是很兴奋，所以正确答案为C。

4. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 信心；B. 兴趣；C. 焦虑；D. 悲伤

解题分析：考查同义重现。根据上文线索children are excited about及But可知，开始的时候孩子对于玩新玩具很兴奋，但是慢慢地他们对于新玩具的兴趣就消失了。所以正确答案为B。

5. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 同样的；B. 额外的；C. 有趣的，滑稽的；D. 昂贵的

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，那些孩子们曾经很喜欢的玩具都被放在了地下室里，用same指代上文提到的新玩具，所以正确答案为A。

6. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 有序组织的；B. 彩印的；C. 刚收集的；D. 半满的

解题分析：根据下文线索unfinished models可知，模型的制作没有完成，且由and可知此处表达语义并列，所以集邮本应该也只有一半邮票，正确答案为D。

7. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 宽阔的；广泛的；B. 过去的；以前的；C. 不同的；D. 主要的

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，收集了一半邮票的集邮本、未制作完成的模型都代表着人们过去的兴趣。所以正确答案为B。

8. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 沉默地；B. 不耐烦地；C. 高兴地；D. 担心地

解题分析：考查全文主题。当父母把宠物带回家，孩子们会很高兴地给宠物洗澡、梳理毛发。这说明在新鲜事物出现的时候，人们总是兴趣浓厚，呼应全文主题。所以正确答案为C。

9. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 诺言；B. 负担；C. 权利；D. 游戏

解题分析：考查全文主题。孩子们刚开始对照顾宠物感兴趣，而慢慢地照顾宠物这个任务就由父母承担了，所以正确答案为B。

10. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 勇气；B. 镇定；C. 困惑；D. 兴奋

解题分析：考查全文主题。与孩子一样，青少年在刚进入高中的时候非常兴奋，但是很快他们就厌倦了高中生活，所以正确答案为D。

11. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 毕业；B. 独立；C. 责任；D. 成功

解题分析：考查全文主题。青少年刚进入高中时很兴奋，但很快他们就厌倦了高中生活，期待着毕业，所以正确答案为A。

12. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 孩子；B. 学生；C. 成年人；D. 退休的人

解题分析：前文已经提到了儿童和青少年的情况，所以此处应该是开始讲述成年人的情况，正确答案为C。

13. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 细心地；B. 急切地；C. 紧张地；D. 勇敢地

解题分析：考查全文主题。根据上文线索now complain about the long drives to work可知，成年人现在抱怨上班路上开车时间久，而在他们刚拿到驾照时应该是很急切地去开车，所以正确答案为B。

14. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 要求，请求；B. 获得；拿到；C. 注意到；D. 发现

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，本句是说成年人在刚刚得到驾照的时候无比急切地要去开车，所以正确答案为B。

15. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 需要；B. 学习；C. 开始；D. 计划

解题分析：根据上文线索Before people retire可知，此处是讲即将退休的老人的情况。他们在退休之前会计划做很多事情，所以正确答案为D。

16. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 很棒的；伟大的；B. 强壮的；C. 困难的；D. 正确的

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，老人在退休之前往往会做很多美好的规划，这些事情通常是他们在工作的时候没有时间去做的，所以正确答案为A。

17. 【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 时间；B. 金钱；C. 技巧；D. 知识

解题分析：根据下文线索while working可知，人们在工作的时候并没有太多的时间做别的事情，所以正确答案为A。

18. 【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 仅仅；B. 很，相当；C. 甚至；D. 很快，不久

解题分析：考查全文主题。根据下文线索after retiremen, the golfin, the fishin, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as…和全文主题可知，人们在退休之后不久，那些之前计划要做的打高尔夫球、钓鱼和阅读等消遣活动都变成了无聊的活动，所以正确答案为D。

19. 【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 失去；B. 选择；C. 离开；D. 放弃

解题分析：根据前后语义逻辑可知，退休后的人们觉得打高尔夫球等活动也和他们不再做的工作一样，都变得很无聊，leave jobs意为“离开工作岗位”，所以正确答案为C。

20. 【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 宠物；B. 玩具；C. 朋友；D. 同事

解题分析：考查原词重现。上文提到了儿童刚开始玩新玩具的时候非常开心，不久后就不喜欢了，这些退休的老人和儿童玩玩具的状态一样，也是开始的时候对曾经计划做的事情兴致勃勃，后来就感到无聊了，所以正确答案为B。