(秦淮河)

Qinhuai River(秦淮河)

Hello! My friends，There's an old Chinese saying，“What a delight to have friends from afar”.On behalf of our travel agency，I warmly welcome you to a Qinhuai River sightseeing tour.I hope that all of you will enjoy your short stay here and take home pleasant memories of this journey.

The Qinhuai River is the cradle of the ancient civilization of Nanjing and is favored by both nature and history.In particular，this river served as the breeding ground for the special gorgeous Jinlin culture.It is said that unless you have come to the Qinhuai River，you can not say that you have ever been to Nanjing.People get used to take“Qinhuai”as the nickname of Nanjing.In ancient times Qinhuai River was called Huaishui.It is said that when the first emperor ruled China，people cut through Fangshan Mountain to get to a river named Huaishui，which flowed through the city.The river was then renamed the Qinhuai River.The Qinhuai River scenic area，is a national 4A degree scenic area located south of the ancient city of Nanjing and is one of the top 40 Chinese tour resorts.It only takes 20 minutes to take a bus from the city center.Centered around the Confucius Temple，the Qinhuai River scenic area has all of the traveling，shopping，tasty local snacks，and local specialities and features of the old city of Nanjing.No matter in the past or in the present times，thanks to the uniquely favorable geographic features and culture，the Qinhuai River scenic area is scattered with countless scenic spots and endless anecdotes exist about them.It has always been themost flourishing place in Nanjing for 1，800 years.But it is better to actually see this place，rather than hear me talking about it.If you want to have a deep understanding of Qinhuai River，please go for a visit with me.

Gongyuan(A Place for Examination)

If you mention the Confucius Temple，both people who visited it and those who have never been to Nanjing or never have seen the temple itself will have at least some knowledge about it.The so-called Confucius Temple in people's mind actually consists of three large architectural complexes which are the Confucius Temple，Xuegong(ancient school) and Gongyuan( place for exam).It was not only Nanjing's cultural and educational center during Ming and Qing dynasties，but also ranked as the best architectural complex of culture and education in all of China's northern and southern provinces.We first will pay a visit to Gongyuan.The place where we are now is Gongyuan Street.An ancient and large examination hall，the Gongyuan of the southern Yangtze River，is located north of here.This hall was first built in the fourth year of the Southern Song Emperor Qiandao's reign，or about1168 A.D.，and now it has a history of more than 800 years.Historically，Gongyuan was a very large building，with some 20，640 rooms.Since it is the largest examination hall in Chinese history，many famous historical figures have taken examinations here，including Wen Tianxiang，a national hero，Yan Zhenqing，a great calligraphist，and Chen Duxiu，the first general secretary of the Communist Party.Lin Zexu，LiHongzhang，and Zeng Guofan also once acted as the examiners here.However，it is a pity that few of the Gongyuan's older buildings remain standing.The Minyuan Tower is just one of the remains，while most of the other structures have been rebuilt into markets.So the Minyuan Tower is the only existing image of the Gongyuan's pomp and history.

Mingyuan Tower

Please go forward with me，now the three-floor ancient building in front of us is Mingyuan Tower.It is the Gongyuan's main building and was built during the 13^th year of the Ming Dynasty Emperor Jiajing's reign(1534 A.D.).Though it has existed for more than 460 years，it remains in good condition and is the oldest examination hall still standing.This building with traditional bird-like eaves takes the shape of square and it has windows on all four sides.Standing on the building，you can have a bird's-eye view of the Gongyuan.In ancient times，it was the place from which commands were issued and the entire examination hall was monitored.Following examinations，the billboard announcing the names of successful candidates would be displayed on Gongyuan Street.But later it lost its functions when the Imperial Examination System was abolished for recruiting civil servants.The Gongyuan's outside wall is inlaid with the inscription describing its vicissitudes.In 1919，with exception of the Mingyuan Tower and some rooms left to exhibit cultural relics，all of the buildings were torn down so that markets could be built in their place.But now when we stand on this building looking in the distance，we can still get a sense of the older culture，even if examinees no longer rush to the examination hall to take their tests.Now you have some time to visit it freely and appreciate more the deep culture of Imperial Examination System for Recruiting Civil Servants left by our ancestors.

Confucius Temple

After visiting Mingyuan Tower，we will continue to appreciate Qinhuai's scenery by visiting another landmark，the Confucius Temple，which honors Confucius，the most famous philosopher and educator in China's history.It was first built in the 1^st year of the Song Dynasty Emperor Jingyou's reign(1034 A.D.) and was then expanded on the basis of the Study Palace of Eastern Jin Dynasty.The Qinhuai River，which in ancient times was called the“Pan Pool”is in front of the Confucius Temple.On the river's south bank stands China's longest“Zhaobi”，or screen wall facing the gate of a house.In the east and in the west，stand the Kuiguang Pavilion and Juxing Kiosk，which signify the prosperity of civilization.And the Lingxing Gate，Dacheng Gate，Dacheng Temple，Mingde Hall，and Zunjing Pavilion are all located on an axis line.

Now the Qinhuai River is in front of us，and this part of it has been called the“Pan Pool”.It was also known since the Song Dynasty as the Confucius Temple's“crescent pool”.On the opposite river bank stands partofa vermilion stonewall，which was built during the Ming Dynasty，and is 110 meters long and 8meters high.It claims to be the best wall under heaven and it is even larger than that of the Confucius Temple located at Qufu，Shandong Province.After repair，the Confucius Temple's current“Zhaobi”has a dignified air with black tiles，and red walls，on which two golden dragons are chasing each other with a bead.Turn around，you will find an attic style building.That is Kuixing Pavilion.In legends，Kuixing was the foremost star of the Charles's Wain and controls the vicissitude of culture and protects all the scholars.This deity has been esteemed since Han Dynasty and became even more popular in Tang and Song Dynasties.During these times，all Confucius Temples were built with two Kuixing pavilions on both sides，and scholars from all dynasties dared not offend this deity.The building which is close to the street and adjacent to the river was constructed during the long reign of the Qing Dynasty Qianlong Emperor，was twice destroyed and then reconstructed in 1985.

Square

Let's continue our visit.Here we come to the front square of the Qing Dynasty Temple.On the east and west extremes of the square，there are two stone tablets，both about3 square meters in size，engraved with Chinese characters“文武大臣至此下马”-all the officers and officials should dismount here-written in both the Man dialect and Mandarin Chinese to show respect to the saint Confucius.The six-angle kiosk with double eaves is called the Juxing Kiosk.Despite experiencing countless cataclysms，it remained in good condition prior to the 1960s，when the Cultural Revolution broke out and it was dismantled as one of the“four stinking olds”.The present one was built in 1984.It is an excellent reconstruction of a rare and beautiful ancient kiosk，with double eaves like birds ready to take off.

Now look at that magnificent memorial gateway in the center of the square.That is Wenshufang Gateway.Let's go forward.This gate，the Lingxing Gate，is the first gate of the temple.Everybody，please walk through the Lingxing Gate and we will come to the Confucius Temple's main entrance，Dacheng Gate，which is also called the Ji Gate.Dacheng Gate is built in traditional style，with three doors standing side by side.Each has 45 nails and dragon shape knockers.Each door's inner side has a stone tablet from the Nanqi，Yuan，and Song Dynasties，each ofwhich provides an account of the life of Confucius.

Dacheng Temple

The corridors on both sides of the Dacheng Gate are directly connected with the lofty Dancheng Temple which is the core architecture of the Confucius Temple.The officials of the feudal times could get in through the main entrancewhile ordinary people were only allowed to get in through the side ways.Now please follow me，let's go into the main temple of the Confucius Temple，the Dacheng Temple.Here the white marble tablet you see now was written with“南京夫子庙”，or the Nanjing Confucius Temple by a famous ancient calligraphist; details about the Confucius reconstruction have been engraved on the reverse side.Dacheng Temple's main temple is 16.22 meters high，28.1 meters long，and 21.7 meters deep.“Dacheng”means that Confucius' ideas embodied with all the great thoughts of all the ancient sages.The Dacheng Temple was originally used to make sacrifice to Confucius and his four great students.A dozen statues of Confucius' students sit on both sides of the temple.The Dacheng Temple has now been changed into Nanjing Local Civilization Museum.Going forward，we will reach the Confucius Temple's school.On the door，there was once a horizontal inscribed board on which the two characters“Ancient School”are written in vermilion Chinese ink，and outside the door，there is a memorial gateway which was written“The number one school in southeast.”In the back，there are four studies which were used for students to study by themselves.Just ahead is the Mingde Hall built in Nansong Dynasty and its present name was inscribed by Wen Tianxiang，who is one of China's national heroes.Mingde Hall is a major ancient architectural landmark.During the Imperial Examinations for Recruiting Civil Servants，skillful writers would come here to attend a lecture on the 1^st and 15^th days of each month.Well，everybody，having visited so many scenic spots and historical sites，let's go to taste some local snacks.

Local Snacks

I assume that all of you know something about the local snacks here，which have a history as long as that of the QinhuaiRiver.The Confucius Temple's local snack in Qinhuai is one of the four great types of local snacks in China.This area is full of teahouses，restaurants and snack stalls which form a food concentration area with uniquely traditional Qinhuai characteristics.After many years of hard work，seven refreshment stores made eight excellent snacks which boast good techniques，attractive appearance，and well-chosen ingredients.They have been called the“Eight excellent snacks of Qinhuai”by the Qinhuai Local Snacks Institute after being appraised by independent experts in September of 1987.The number one snack is the“Egg in Tea with Five Flavours”，“Five-Flavour Bean”and Yuhua Tea from the Kuiguang Pavilion.Number two is the Yongheyuan Shrimp and Yellow Sesame Seed Cake.Number three are the shredded snacks with sesame oil and the Qifang Pavilion Crisp Sesame Seed Cake.Number four is the Luifeng House bean curd and scallion cake.Number five is the Qifang Pavilion assorted stuffed bun and noodles with shredded chicken.Number six are Jiangyou Restaurant's beef soup and beef.Number seven are the Zhanyuan Noodle House's dumplings and noodles with fried fish.Number eight is the sweet dumplings with osmanthus flavor and five-color pastry.Maybe you can't wait to taste them，so let's now go and eat some of them.You'll have two hours to enjoy all the great food here，but please don't forget to come back here on time.

Qinhuai Boats

Having finished our meals，let's go boating on the Qinhuai River to appreciate the beautiful scenery.TheMing Dynasty style river boat is a gailypainted pleasure-boat which integrates a coach's ceiling with a fishing boat's body.Red colored balls and lanterns dangle from its bow.During each lantern festival，Nanjing's citizens would come here to play around.This kind of boat is also called light boat，and there is old saying that“Qinhuai Light Boats are the best under heaven”.As an important carrier of water culture，the gaily-painted pleasure boat displays cultural in for-mation and ideas and is trademark of historical cultural value.The gailypainted pleasure-boat floats in the river with people walking in it.The water of Qinhuai River flows by our side，leaving us with beautiful sounds which make us spontaneously recall many things.Next we will take the gaily-painted pleasure-boat and the guide on the boat will introduce the scenery and the history of Qinhuai for us.Now you can go boating on the river to appreciate the culture and the traces of history.See you later!

Isn't it specially interesting to visit Qinhuai by boat? Ok everybody! Our journey is about to end.And I have to say goodbye to you all.Anyway I am very glad to have spent such a happy and unforgettable day with you.I just hope that the scenery and legends of Qinhuai have left you a good memory.And I hope many years later，you can still remember the water，the boat and the snacks of Qinhuai.Thank you all! I wish you a happy journey! Goodbye!

各位朋友，大家好啊!“有朋自远方来，不亦说乎!”我代表旅行社对大家来秦淮河旅游、观光表示热烈欢迎。希望大家在秦淮河逗留期间能够玩得开心，吃得放心，同时希望大家在游览过程中能有较大的收获，并留下美好的回忆。

秦淮河是南京古老文明的摇篮，是大自然和历史的恩赐，正是这条河孕育了绮丽的金陵特色文化。没来秦淮河就枉来南京城，人们贯于把“秦淮”当做南京的代名词。秦淮河古称淮水，据说秦始皇时凿通方山引淮水，横贯城中，故名秦淮河。秦淮河旅游区是国家4A级旅游景区，也是中国旅游胜地四十佳之一，位于南京老城区城南，从市区出发，坐汽车约需20分钟就能到达。它是一个以夫子庙为中心，集游览、购物、品尝风味于一体，展示古城风貌和民族风情的旅游胜地。在这“十里珠帘”的秦淮风光带上，点缀着数不尽的名胜佳景，汇集着说不完的逸闻掌故。这里始终是南京最繁华的地方之一。百闻不如一见，大家要想对秦淮河有一个深刻的了解，就请跟我一起游览吧。

江南贡院

提起夫子庙，无论到没到过南京的人，总有几分晓得。人们通常所说的夫子庙，实际包括夫子庙、学宫和贡院三大建筑群，它不仅是明清时期南京的文教中心，同时也是居东南各省之冠的文教建筑群。我们首先去参观一下夫子庙的古建筑群之--江南贡院。

现在我们所站的地方便是贡院街，贡院街北面就是古代时南京规模庞大的考试场--江南贡院。江南贡院始建于南宋乾道四年(公元1168年)，迄今已有800多年的历史。江南贡院在历史上建筑的规模十分宏大，原有号舍20 644间。江南贡院在历史上是中国最大的考场，有许多历史名人都曾是这里的考生，林则徐、李鸿章、曾国藩等都曾经在这里做过考官。民族英雄文天祥、大书法家颜真卿等，中国共产党第一任总书记陈独秀都是这里的考生。可惜现存贡院建筑已屈指可数，明远楼就是保存下来的贡院建筑之一，而其他大部分已被辟为市场。下面我们只能通过参观明远楼来想象一下当时江南贡院的盛况了。

明远楼

请大家随我继续往前行，现在呈现在我们眼前的这座三层古建筑，就是明远楼了。明远楼为江南贡院的中心建筑，修建于明嘉靖十三年(公元1534年)，距今虽已有470多年历史，但仍保存完好，它是我国目前所保留的最古老的一座贡院考场建筑。楼呈四方形，飞檐出甍，四面设窗，站在楼上，可以一览贡院，它当时起着号令和指挥全考场的作用。考生考完后，“金榜”就张贴在前面的贡院街。清末废除科举后，贡院也随之失去了原来的作用。外墙嵌《金陵贡院遗迹碑》，记述了贡院的兴衰历史。1919年除留下明远楼和一部分号舍建筑用以陈列历史文物外，其余一并拆除，辟为市场。站在明远楼上驻足观望，虽然往日的繁盛赶考场景已不能再现，但还是能够让人感受到那个时代留下的文化气息。现在给大家一点自由的时间登楼参观，好好感受一下我们祖先留下的文化遗产。

夫子庙

从明远楼出来，我们将继续去体验秦淮风光的另一个精华--夫子庙。夫子庙是孔庙的俗称，是供奉和祭祀我国古代著名的思想家、教育家孔子的庙宇，其全称是“大成至圣先师文宣王庙”，简称“文庙”。夫子庙始建于宋景祐元年(公元1034年)，由东晋学宫扩建而成。前面以秦淮河为泮池，南岸有全国最长的照壁。东有奎光阁，西有聚星亭，象征文风昌盛。中轴线上建有棂星门、大成门、大成殿、明德堂、尊经阁等建筑。

现在我们眼前的这段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子庙(孔庙)的泮池，又称月牙池。我们对岸有一段朱红色石砖墙，这就是夫子庙的照壁，始建于明万历年间，长110米，高8米，规模超过山东曲阜孔庙照壁，号称天下第一壁。经修整一新后，目前的夫子庙大成照壁黑瓦红墙，两条金龙戏珠，十分气派。请大家回头看，这座楼阁式建筑叫魁星阁，魁星原是北斗七星中最前面的一颗星，神话传说中则把它奉为主宰文章兴衰与保护文人学士的保护神。中国从汉代即开始尊崇这位保护神，到唐宋更盛行之，大部分夫子庙前左右都有两座魁星阁，历朝各代文人学子也都不敢怠慢了这位尊神。这座临街傍水的建筑初建于清乾隆年间，曾两次被毁，1985年重建。

广场

请大家跟我继续参观。现在我们来到了清代开辟的庙前广场，广场东西两端竖有两块碑，高有一丈许，上面刻有满汉两种文字“文武大臣至此下马”，表示对圣人孔子的崇敬。左侧的这座六角重檐亭子叫“聚星亭”。它历尽劫难，居然保存到20世纪60年代仍安然端立，但在“文革”期间，却被作为“破烂的四旧”而拆除了。现在的聚星亭是1984年开始动工复建的。全亭重檐雕脊，檐角起翘飞，有鸟雀欲跃之势，是南京罕见的精美古亭。

请看广场正中端立着的这座巍峨壮美，十分引人注目的牌坊，它叫“天下文枢坊”。请大家随我往前走。这座门是庙的第一道大门，叫棂星门。各位游客，走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门，叫大成门，也叫戟门。大成门为古代抬梁穿斗式建筑，翘角龙脊，三门并立，每扇门上有45枚门钉及龙头衔环。门内左右两侧立南齐、元、宋时期的石碑四块，记载了孔子生平事迹。

大成殿

大成门内两侧的走廊连接着大成殿，巍峨辉煌的大成殿是夫子庙的核心建筑，封建时代只有官员可以由大门出入，一般士子只能从旁边进出。请各位游客随我进入孔庙主殿--大成殿。

现在映入大家眼帘的这座汉白玉卧碑，正面是古代名书法家题的“南京夫子庙”，背面镌刻详细记载了夫子庙重修的经过。大成殿的主殿高16.22米，宽28.1米，深21.7米，重檐飞翘，斗拱交错。“大成”的意思是孔子集古圣先贤思想之大成。大成殿内原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，两旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。现在的大成殿已被辟为“南京乡土文化博物馆”。

请大家再往前走，这里便是夫子庙的学宫。门楣上原有朱红墨字“学宫”匾额，门外原有柏木牌坊，上书“东南第一学”。其后原有四书斋，为学子的自修室。再后为明德堂，建于南宋(公元1139年)，现堂名为文天祥书写。明德堂是学宫的主体建筑，科举时代秀才每月逢朔望都到这里听训导宣讲。各位游客，参观完了这么多的名胜古迹，已经让我们大饱眼福，现在让我们也去过一下嘴瘾。

小吃

大家一定对秦淮风味小吃早有所闻吧，它的历史几乎和秦淮河一样悠久。夫子庙秦淮风味小吃是我国四大小吃群之一。夫子庙地区茶楼饭店，街边小吃，满目皆是，形成独具秦淮传统特色的饮食集中地。经过多年的努力，夫子庙地区有七家点心制作店，因其工艺精细，造型美观、选料考究、风味独特而著称。南京秦淮区风味小吃研究会于1987年9月正式命名这八套秦淮风味名点小吃为“秦淮八绝”，现推荐给广大游客:“一绝”为魁光阁的五香茶叶蛋、五香豆、雨花茶;“二绝”为永和园的开洋干丝、蟹壳黄烧饼;“三绝”为奇芳阁的麻油干丝、鸭油酥烧饼;“四绝”为六凤居的豆腐涝、葱油饼;“五绝”为奇芳阁的什锦菜包、鸡丝面;“六绝”为蒋有记的牛肉汤、牛肉锅;“七绝”为瞻园面馆的薄皮包饺、红汤爆鱼面;“八绝”为莲湖甜食店的桂花夹心小元宵、五色糕团。大家一定等不及了吧，好听不如好吃，让我们赶快行动吧。给大家两个小时的时间尽情品尝，不过别因为留恋美食忘了集合的时间地点哦。

秦淮画舫

酒足饭饱后，让我们泛舟秦淮河去欣赏一下两岸旖旎的风光。现在大家所看到河中的仿照明代建筑风格制造的船就是传说中的秦淮画舫，秦淮画舫是将中原的马车顶棚和江南的渔舟之身相结合而形成的，船头挂有大红彩球和红灯笼。每到元宵佳节，南京人习惯来这里游玩赏灯。秦淮河的灯船、河船久负盛名，素有“秦淮灯船甲天下”之说。因河而生的秦淮画舫作为一种重要的水文化载体，承载着文化信息的传播、文化观念的展示，具有重要的历史文化价值，是秦淮品牌之一，荡一次秦淮画舫，听一段秦淮故事，尝一道秦淮小吃，赏一河秦淮花灯!舫在水中走，人在舫中游，秦淮水在耳边轻轻吟唱，使人油然生出无尽畅想。接下来我们将乘仿古画舫游览秦淮河，船上有导游向游客介绍十里秦淮的两岸风光及历史故事。全程约45分钟。各位朋友，我的介绍就到这里。下面就请您根据自己的兴趣，亲身投入到秦淮河的怀抱里，沿着历史文化的足迹慢慢地游览，仔细地品味。我们回头见。

桨声灯影里看秦淮是不是别有一番滋味呢?好的，各位朋友!我们的旅程马上要结束了，我也要跟大家说再见了，今天非常高兴能和大家度过愉快而难忘的一天，也许我并不是很好的导游，但是我相信秦淮风光和传说却是最美的，希望多年后，您还能时常忆起秦淮的水，秦淮的船，秦淮的小吃，永远珍藏这段美好的秦淮之旅。谢谢各位!愿大家旅途平安愉快，再见!