(一)社会保障专题传译练习
1．请完整听一遍短文
中国的社会保障制度
中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口众多，经济发展起点低，完善社会保障体系的任务十分艰巨和繁重。中国的社会保障体系包括社会保险、社会福利、社会救助和住房保障等。社会保险是社会保障体系的核心部分，包括养老保险、失业保险、医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险。
中国政府不断完善养老保险制度。中国已经进入老龄社会，老龄化速度快，老年人口规模大，本世纪30年代人口老龄化将达到高峰。为保障老年人的基本生活，维护老年人的合法权益，中国政府改革基金筹集模式，建立多层次养老保险体系，努力实现养老保险制度的可持续发展。
中国政府还加快建立和完善失业保险制度，保障职工失业后的基本生活，帮助失业人员实现再就业，推进国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障制度向失业保险并轨。2003年年底，全国参加失业保险的人数达1.0 373亿，全年共为742万失业人员提供了不同期限的失业保险待遇。
中国政府还在全国推进城镇职工基本医疗保险制度改革。2003年年底，全国参加基本医疗保险的人数达1.0 902亿，其中参保职工7 975万人，退休人员2 927万人。国家于1988年开始在部分地区推行生育保险制度改革。截至2003年年底，全国参加生育保险的职工有3 655万人;全年共有36万名职工享受生育保险待遇。
中国政府积极推进社会福利事业的发展，通过多种渠道筹集资金，为老年人、孤儿和残疾人等群体提供社会福利。
中国政府积极推进以住房公积金制度、经济适用住房制度、廉租住房制度为主要内容的城镇住房保障制度建设，不断改善城镇居民的住房条件。到2003年年底，城镇居民人均住房建筑面积达到23.7平方米。
中国政府一直在积极地推进农村社会保障体系的建设。中国的农村人口占全国人口的大多数，经济发展水平较低。受历史传统文化影响，农村具有家庭供养、自我保障、家族互助的长期传统。根据农村经济社会发展的特点，国家在农村实行与城镇有别的社会保障办法。
总之，加快完善社会保障体系，是中国政府全面推进小康社会建设的一项重要任务。在未来的岁月里，中国人民将进一步从国家的发展进步中获益，必将享有更丰厚的物质文明成果。
(改编自白皮书《中国的社会保障状况和政策》，2004年9月)
2．听录音，在停顿处开始传译
中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口众多，经济发展起点低，完善社会保障体系的任务十分艰巨和繁重。
中国的社会保障体系包括社会保险、社会福利、社会救助和住房保障等。社会保险是社会保障体系的核心部分，包括养老保险、失业保险、医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险。
为保障老年人的基本生活，维护老年人的合法权益，中国政府改革基金筹集模式，建立多层次养老保险体系，努力实现养老保险制度的可持续发展。
中国政府还加快建立和完善失业保险制度，保障职工失业后的基本生活，帮助失业人员实现再就业，推进国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障制度向失业保险并轨。
受历史传统文化影响，农村具有家庭供养、自我保障、家族互助的长期传统。根据农村经济社会发展的特点，国家在农村实行与城镇有别的社会保障办法。
3．答题要点
熟悉文本类型和相关句子结构，加强对源语文本的理解。本篇短文属事实陈述文本类型。主旨突出(介绍中国的社会保障制度)，逻辑清晰(文本开始——中国社会保障体系覆盖的主要方面，文本发展——对中国的社会保障体系进行较为详细的介绍，文本结尾——对中国社会保障体系的希望和信心)，句子结构较为简单，语言简洁、易于理解。
掌握与社会保障专题相关的知识与术语表达，如社会保险(social insurance)，社会福利(social welfare)，社会救助(social relief)，住房保障(housing services)，养老保险(old-age insurance)，失业保险(unemployment insurance)，医疗保险(medical insurance)，工伤保险(work-related injury insurance)，生育保险(maternity insurance)，住房公积金制度(the system of publicly accumulated housing funds)，经济适用住房制度(the system of generally affordable and functional housing)，廉租住房制度(the low-rent housing system)等。
传译时，语音应清晰，语调应自然，英文表达应流畅，应学会控制声音质量，不要过尖、过高或过于低沉。
4．参考答案
Social Security System in China
China is the biggest developing country with a large population in the world，and its economic base is weak，therefore，establishing a sound social security system in China is an extremely arduous task．China's social security system includes social insurance，social welfare，social relief and housing services，etc．As the core of the social security system，social insurance includes old-age insurance，unemployment insurance，medical insurance，work-related injury insurance and maternity insurance．
The Chinese Government has continuously improved the old-age insurance system．China is now an aging society．As the aging of the population quickens，the number of elderly people is becoming very large．This trend will reach its peak in the 2030s．To guarantee the basic living standards of the elderly and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests，the Chinese Government reformed the fund-raising mode in an attempt to establish a multi-level old-age insurance system marked by sustainable development．
The Chinese Government is speeding up the development and improvement of an unemployment insurance system to guarantee the basic livelihood of employees after they lose their jobs，to help them find new jobs，and accelerate the combination of the basic livelihood guarantee system for people laid off from state-owned enterprises with the unemployment insurance．By the end of 2003 there were 103.73 million people who participated in the unemployment insurance scheme，which provided unemployment insurance benefits of varying time limits to 7.42 million laid-off employees throughout the year．
The Chinese Government has been promoting a national reform of the basic medical insurance system for urban employees．By the end of 2003，some 109.02 million people around China had participated in the basic medical insurance program，including 79.75 million employees and 29.27 million retirees．In 1988，the state introduced a reform of the maternity insurance system in some areas．At the end of 2003，there were 36.55million employees covered by maternity insurance．In the year of 2003，360，000 employees received maternity insurance benefits．
The Chinese Government actively promotes the development of social welfare，raising funds through various channels to provide social welfare benefits for the elderly，orphans and the disabled．
The Chinese Government actively promotes the development of an urban housing security system which includes mainly the system of publicly accumulated housing funds，the system of generally affordable and functional housing，and the low-rent housing system for the purpose of unremittingly improving urban residents'housing conditions．By the end of 2003，the average floor space had reached 23.7 sq m per capita for urban residents．
The Chinese Government has been promoting social security in rural areas．The majority of the Chinese people live in rural areas，where the economic development level is comparatively low．In the rural areas，under the influence of China's traditional culture，there is a time-honored tradition of provision by the family，security coming from selfreliance and help from the clan．In accordance with the characteristics of rural socioeconomic development，the state's social security measures in rural areas are different from those practiced in cities．
All in all，to press ahead with the improvement of the social security system is an important task for the Chinese Government in its efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in a comprehensive way．In the years to come，the Chinese people will benefit more from the nation's development and progress，and enjoy more plentiful fruits of its material civilization．
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