短文理解部分

二、短文理解部分

在此部分将听到一篇短文，短文后有两个问题。短文和问题均听两次。该部分听力材料为反映人们日常生活的文章、题材熟悉的科技短文，情节不太复杂的故事、讲话、叙述等。所提问题可以分为以下几类：

1．短文的主题

What is the topic/main idea of the speech/passage?

What does the above passage talk/tell us?

2．讲话人的情况（如身份、人物关系等）

Who is the speaker?

Where is the speaker?

3．事实和细节、事情的因果

What do we learn about…?

According to the speaker,which/who/what/when/why…?

Which of the following statements is true/false?

4．选择或推断（观点、态度、事情发展的趋势等）

What opinion does the speaker express?

What is the purpose of the speaker to tell the story?

听音前，应快速略读选项，对短文的内容和可能提出的问题作出粗略的推断。特别注意选项里的关键词，特别要听清短文第一句，这句通常是文章的主题句。当然结尾的结论也要听清。如有数字、时间、地点、名称等方面的问题，听音时一定注意不同数字、地点与相关人、事的关系，最好边听边记。

附一篇短文听力材料作为范例：

You will read：

1.A）Diet.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B）Adequate living space.

　C）Sleep.　　　　　　　　　　　　　D）Stress.

2.A）They cannot sleep well.　　　　　B）They cannot eat well.

　C）They tend to bite each other.　　D）They tend to reproduce more.

3.A）To try to prove that rats can populate rapidly.

　B）To try to prove that population explosion can lead to violence.

　C）To try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on human beings.

　D）To try to prove that it’s a natural law that animals live and die.

You will hear：

How much living space does a person need? What happens when his space requirements are not adequately met? Sociologists and psychologists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man.Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space.If rats have adequate living space,they eat well,sleep well,and reproduce well.However,if their living conditions become too crowded,their behavior patterns and even their health perceptibly change.They cannot sleep and eat well,and signs of fear and tension become obvious.The more crowded they are,the more they tend to bite each otherand even kill each other.Thus for rats,population and violence are directly related.Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is adequate space not only desirable,but also essential for human survival?

1.What is rats’ behavior affected by?

2.When the rats become overcrowded,which one of the behavior patterns is not shown in the experiment?

3.What is the purpose of the experiment done on rats?

划线句子为解题关键，答案分别为B）、D）、C）。