六级描述文简介

四、六级描述文简介

1. 描述文简介

描述文是近几年来出现的较新的一种题型，一般以命题作文形式出现，主要测试考生是否具备描述人物、地方、事件及过程的能力。四、六级作文一般不会单纯地考描述文，总是将描述和议论结合起来。随着四、六级考试作文题型的多元化发展，可以预计，这种类型在考试中出现的机率会增大。

2. 描述文的类型

3. 描述文的写作步骤

4. 描述文的结构

四、六级描述文一般写三段。

下面是一些引言的例子：

My father is an ordinary-looking man， yet there is something unusual in his character.

The Great Wall repays every step of your visit for it is really a wonder in the world.

There are some steps for you to follow if you want to acquire the membership of this club.

In our life some things are easily forgotten as time goes by while some things are kept in our memory forever. Here I’d like to talk about my most unforgettable experience.

下面是一些具体描写的例子：

In the Tang Dynasty， there was a scholar named Lu. On his way to the capital to take part in a high level examination， he stopped for the night at an inn. Having journeyed a long way on foot， he was both tired and hungry. He dropped down on a stool and the innkeeper started to cook a meal for him. His eyelids drooped and he dozed off. In his sleep he was awarded the highest honors in the examination， thus becoming a high official showered with money， precious things， high tribute and beautiful women. He led a powerful and luxurious life before he fell out of favor with the emperor and was deprived of everything overnight. The shock brought him back to the little inn and he found that the meal was not yet done. The next morning， after a sleepless night， Scholar Lu started his journey home instead of going to take the examination.

She was a small woman， old and wrinkled. When she started washing for us， she was already past seventy . Most Jewish woman of her age were sickly and weak. All the old woman in our street had bent backs and leaned on sticks when they walked. But this wash woman， small and thin as she was， possessed a strength that came from generations of peasant forebears. Mother would count out to her a bundle of laundry that had accumulated over several weeks. She would then lift the bundle， put it on her narrow shoulders， and carry it the long way home.

I never met Aunt Helen until the day when Mother sent me over with a thermos flask of chicken soup. I was told that she had slipped on the stairs and sprained her ankle. The door opened immediately upon my tapping at it. In front of me stood a silvery- haired old lady on one crutch. She looked so neat and delicate that I was quite taken aback. I never realized that an old woman could be “beautiful”. She led me into a living room as simple and elegant as herself. The room is built for relaxed conversation： the two easy chairs angled toward one another， the two straight-back chairs facing one another across a small table. And there are enough tables so that guests can have a place for their drinks or snacks. It shows the hostess is really a hospitable person. The mood of this room is clearly relaxing. It's formal enough for entertaining because it's so well-designed， but the feeling is one of luxurious relaxation. The casual aspect of the mood is enhanced by the slightly messy fronds in the vases， which bring in an air of the wild outdoors and prevent the room from feeling stuffy or overdone. The open curtains， which are barely noticeable at first glance， add to this airy feeling， letting in loads of natural light. Finally， everything in this room works in harmony. The deep egg yellow of the ceiling and upper wall matches the yellow background of the fabric. The chairs are made of the same fabric used on the table and for the curtains， and the plain off-white rug prevents the floral pattern from becoming overwhelming. The flowers in the vase add a nice counterpoint to the printed flowers on the fabric. Her warm smile， the bright interior， the cheerful atmosphere immediately set me at ease.

In posting a parcel， the first step is to pack the objects （Remember different objects are packed in different ways）； the second step is to put down the address and that of the addressee on the wrapping； next， give the parcel to the postal clerk for him to check； then， get a form to fill in from the clerk； in the end， pay the postage and keep the receipt.

下面是一些结尾的例子：

When Jefferson died on July 4，1826， the 50th anniversary of American independence， he left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson， who believed that only a nation of educated people could remain free.

After hours of shopping — choosing and bargaining， I left the noisy market， exhausted but quite satisfied， my bag full of vegetables and fruits.

After the kite is made， you can then fly the kite to your heart’s content.

When the sun began to set， we left the park. What a pleasant summer outing！

5. 描写人物个性的可选表达法

The use of nouns

a problem solver/ a motivator/ an initiator/ a promoter /a listener/ a peace-maker/ a perfectionist

The use of adjectives

adaptable /accurate /action-oriented /adventurous / analytical /bold /confident/ conscientious/ consistent/ controlling/ competitive/ detailed/ determined/ discerning/ energetic/ enterprising / enthusiastic/ factual /firm/ fun-loving /goal-driven/ group-oriented / indecisive /independent/ inquisitive/ inspirational/ loyal/ mature/ non-demanding /nurturing /orderly/ optimistic /persistent / pessimistic/ practical / predictable / precise /productive / purposeful/ reserved/ responsible/ scheduled/self-reliant/ sensitive / spontaneous /strong-willed / sweet-tempered / sympathetic / talkative / thoughtful / tolerant / visionary

The use of verbs

like authority/ take charge/ enjoy instructions/ enjoys popularity/ take risks/ enjoy challenges/ mix easily/ like variety/enjoy change/ avoid confrontations/ enjoy routine

6. 描写人物外貌应注意的方面

Facial details

Hair-note the color， texture， hairline， style； also possible dyes or wigs

Forehead-note forehead height， and whether the skin is smooth， creased or wrinkled

Eyes-note the color， shape （round， slanted）， whether clear or bloodshot， and the heaviness of eyelashes and eyebrows

Nose-overall shape （long， wide， flat， etc.） and nostrils （wide， narrow， flared） are important

Cheeks-is the flesh sunken， filled out， dried or oily？ are there wrinkles around nose or mouth？ are cheek bones high or low， wide or narrow？

Ears-note size and prominence （protruding or flat against head）

Mouth-are lips thin， medium， full？ do corners turn up， turn down， or level？

Chin-what is the shape （round， oval， pointed， square）？ double chin， dimpled， cleft？

Neck-note protruding Adam's apple or hanging jowls

Complexion-note pores， pockmarks， acne， razor rash， bumps

Facial hair-clean shaven？ unshaven？ beard， mustache， goatee， sideburns？

Tattoos-shape and style； on what part of the body

Personal details

Sex

Race or national origin

Age （estimated）

Height-use comparisons with your own height， a door， or some other standard measure

Weight （estimated）

Build-fat， husky， slim， muscular， etc.

Gait-slow， fast， limp

Clothing details

Hat-note color， style， ornaments， how it is worn （bill forward， backward， to one side） Coat-note color and style （suit coat， jacket， topcoat， overcoat）

Shirt/Blouse/Dress-note color， design， sleeves， collar

Trousers/Slacks/Skirt-note color， style， cuffs

Socks-note color， pattern， length

Shoes-note color， style， brand name for sneakers （if possible）， condition

Accessories-sweater， scarf， gloves， necktie

Jewelry-rings， watches， bracelets， necklaces

General appearance-neat or sloppy？ clean or dirty？

Oddities-look for clothing too large or too small； odd colors； patchwork

7. 描述空间关系的表达方式

under　下/ over 上/ inside　里/ beside　旁/ on top of　顶/ in the middle of　中间

to the left　左/ to the right　右

adjacent　临近的/ parallel　平行的/ rectangle　长方形的/ triangle　三角形的

/semicircle　半圆的/ oval　椭圆形的/ diagonal　斜的/ pyramid　金字塔形的

overlapping　重叠的/ horizontal　水平的/ vertical　垂直的/interior　内部的/

exterior　外部的

8. 描述步骤的表达方式

occur / become / happen / take place　　发生

follow the steps / be carried out in … steps　　根据步骤 / 按 …… 步骤来操作by means of / through the use of　　通过 …… 的方式 / 通过使用

before / until / while / as / once / then / as soon as　　在……之前 / 直到 / 当……时 /当 / 一旦 / 然后 / 一 …… 就 ……

at this point / at the same time　此时 / 与此同时