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法国人的谈判风格

时间:2022-04-02 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:快速阅读2 法国人的谈判风格法国的商业文化自成一体。受来自北欧的日尔曼民族和南方的拉丁种族的共同影响,法国人的谈判风格在世界上是独一无二的。例如,法国人是重视关系的,但同时他们又是奉行个人主义的国家。尽管许多商业人士英语水平都比较高,但是法国的商务语言一定是法语。

快速阅读2 法国人的谈判风格

法国的商业文化自成一体。受来自北欧的日尔曼民族和南方的拉丁种族的共同影响,法国人的谈判风格在世界上是独一无二的。

例如,法国人是重视关系的,但同时他们又是奉行个人主义的国家。此外,尽管他们不喜欢过于直接的提出自己的观点,但又很容易发生争执,并且在谈判的过程中,如果他们有不同意见,他们会坦率的提出。再有,尽管“平等主义”一词来自于法语,但是法国仍然是欧洲国家当中社会等级制度最为明显的国家。换句话说,法国的商业管理者是注重关系的,语言带有丰富内涵,同时又非常重视社会地位,法国的商业文化的确是不同寻常的,是各种文化特色的组合。当然,没有任何两个谈判者处理问题的风格是完全一样的,下面的一些对法国人的剖析会对你谈判有一定的作用。

商务语言。尽管许多商业人士英语水平都比较高,但是法国的商务语言一定是法语。当然,外国的购买者也可以使用英语或是德语,出口商人通常是讲法语的。巴黎人听到别人讲一口蹩脚的法语的时候会感到非常不舒服。相应的,书面的材料也都应该用法语书写,关于你的产品的关键性资料也应该被翻译成法语。在巴黎或是里昂,很容易找到好的翻译,但是那些不会讲法语的商人会发现他们自己处在不利的境地。尽管当地人会听出来你的法语并不标准,你也要努力说法语。一旦你讲法语,即使会犯一些语法错误或者带有外国口音也没有关系,当地人会更加信任你。

交流风格。法国人的语言交流和非语言交流都比较常见。他们喜欢争论,经常在商务会见过程中进行热烈的讨论。来自东亚的那些不习惯于面对面讨论的国家的谈判者不要对法国人喜欢争论的行为产生误解,这种行为并不是表示敌意的。

语言交流。尽管法国人喜欢争论,但是他们并不喜欢直接表达自己的观点。他们喜欢比较微妙的、间接的语言,喜欢用笛卡尔式的逻辑、优美的措辞和大量的修辞来陈述自己的观点。这就是法国人习惯于用法语来进行谈判的原因之一:使用其他语言很难表达出法语的出色之处。

非语言交流。在朋友之间和亲戚之间,法国人相互之间的接触比较多,即使在公共场所也是如此。在巴黎和伦敦的咖啡馆里曾经进行了一项关于接触行为的比较研究,结果发现,在一个小时之内,法国的夫妻相互触摸达到一百多次,而英国的夫妻甚至没有碰过对方。

当双方会面和告别的时候都需要握手。法国人的手势比亚洲人和盎格鲁撒克逊人都要多。在法国,拇指和食指围成圈表示“零”,当拇指快速上翘的时候,表示“OK”。禁忌的姿势包括:站立和与别人说话的时候,不要把手放在口袋里,也不要把一只手握拳击打另一只手的手掌。

练习答案

I.

1. Because human beings are living in a world full of contradictions, disputes and confrontations.

2. They must satisfy at least the following conditions:

 a) The outcome of negotiation is a result of mutual giving and taking. One-sided concession

  or compromise can not be called a successful negotiation.

 b) Negotiations happen due to the existence of conflicts; however, no negotiations can  proceed smoothly and come to a satisfactory solution without collaboration between the  participants.

 c) In spite of unequal strength and power on the side of one party, it should not be viewed as  a success if the other party can not exercise the right to the result of the negotiation,  which is a show of equal right of the parties. The following skills and strategies in  negotiations can help people achieve success.

3. To decide which interests to be fulfilled first and which to be obtained at the cost of others.

4. Two valuable applications in negotiations: problem solving and strategic planning. Information can reveal possible solutions to the problem and prevent costly mistakes. Information can be collected from: International Organizations, Government, Service Organizations, Directions and Newsletters, On-line Service, etc. Besides that, making a market survey is another good way.

5. Its model is expressed as:

Determine each party’s interests and needs;

Find out the other party’s interests and demands;

Offer constructive options and solutions;

Announce success of negotiations, or

Declare failure of negotiation or negotiations in impasse.

6. The core of it is to reach a solution beneficial to both parties by way of stressing interests and value not by way of bargaining.

II. 1. e 2. d 3. a 4. h 5. b 6. j 7. f 8. i 9. g 10. c

III.

然而,从一种严格且理性的角度来说,并不是所有的谈判都是成功的。成功的谈判至少要满足如下几个方面的条件:1)谈判的结果对双方来说都是互惠互利的。一方的让步或妥协都不能被称为是成功的谈判。2)谈判的发生基于双方的冲突;但没有双方的协作,谈判就不能顺利进行并取得令人满意的解决方式。3)尽管谈判双方力量和权力是不均衡的,但如果一方对谈判的结果无法实施自己相应的权利(这通常能反映双方权利是否平等),这样的谈判不能被认为是成功的。

IV.

1. You must adapt to the norms of the society you live in.

2. Great changes are in prospect in this area due to foreign investment.

3. In view of our long-standing business relations, we can consider a price reduction.

4. The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.

5. These noisy conditions aren’t really conducive to concentrated work.

V. Omitted

快速阅读1

I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T

II. 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B

快速阅读2

I.

1. It’s unique in the world, because it is affected by the Germanic peoples from the Northern Europe and the South Latin races together.

2. In spite of many commercial people with relatively high standard of English, French business language is sure to be French. Of course, foreign buyers can also use English or German while exporters are often French-speaking people. Hearing people speak broken French, Parisians will surely feel very uncomfortable.

3. The French people’s verbal and non-verbal communications are both quite common. They like to argue, and lively discussions are often met in the course of business.

4. They prefer the subtler, indirect language, and enjoy the use of Cartesian logic and of the beautiful expressions and lots of rhetoric to present their opinion.

5. Taboo positions include the following: Don’t put your hands in the pockets when you stand up and speak with others, and don’t make a fist of one hand to beat the palm of the other.

II. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F

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