画龙点睛结论句

画龙点睛结论句

结论句(the concluding sentence)就是在自然段的末尾对段落内容进行总结的句子。虽然并非所有的自然段都有结论句，但是一个好的结论句能起到强化主题、首尾呼应和画龙点睛的作用。

一、结论句一般有三种写法

1.使用同义词语或近义词语重现主题句的中心思想(Restate the topic sentence in different words):

Penguins(企鹅) and human beings have three aspects in common. First，like human beings，most penguins keep the same mate in their life. And both parents care for the young. Second，penguins also amuse themselves. For example，they often ride on floes(大浮冰) for no other reason than pleasure. Swimming is another activity they all enjoy. Finally，some of the penguins，like human beings，are thieves. They steal from each other the pebbles used for nest-building. When one catches another in the act，a great disturbance resembling a human quarrel ensures. So people can make a safe conclusion that penguins are similar to human beings in several respects.

结论句在重现主题句中的“．．．have three aspects in common”这一思想时，使用了近义表达方式“．．．are similar to．．．in several respects”。措辞不同，但意思保持不变。

2.高度概括段落中所讨论的要点(Summarize the main points discussed in the paragraph):

A child may leave home for many reasons，but three seem to be more common than any others. In the first place，a child may leave home because of a lack of parental affection，which can leave the child with emotional scars. When parents are cold and uncaring，a child senses this and feels that he does not belong in the home. The child will then leave，seeking a home where he at least feels wanted and a part of a family. Next，when a child feels that he is not recognized as a person or an individual，he is likely to leave the home. He may sometimes feel frustrated enough to leave home，especially if his parents do not stop what they are doing long enough to really listen to him or at least to respect some of his opinions. Finally，severe punishment by a child's parents which exceeds the severity of the child's misconduct may also cause a child to leave home. The extreme punishment is actually child abuse，and a child will normally feel that he is not safe in such a home. Thus，for affection，for recognition，and for self-protection，a child may leave home.

本段落分析了孩子离家出走的原因。结论句将这些原因概括为:“for affection，for recognition，and for self-protection”。三个要点简明清晰，加深了读者的印象。

3.作出评论(Make comments):

Football has more mystery than baseball. In football there is always doubt about where the ball is and where the play is going. In baseball，however，there is no sense of mystery; the ball is always out in the open. Football also has a faster pace than baseball. In football，one dramatic play follows another，while baseball drags on slowly with its strikes and ball. For these reasons I find football a more exciting sport to watch than baseball.

评论的形式取决于自然段的内容，可以提出建议，提供解决问题的方法，预测未来的发展趋势，也可以谈个人看法，提出令人深思的(thought-provoking)问题等。以上段落中的结论句是作者的个人看法。

二、引导结论句时的常用词语如下

thus，in a word，in brief，in short，all in all，on the whole，in general，to conclude，in conclusion，to sum up，to summarize，in summary，therefore it can be seen that．．．等。

三、结论句在大学英语四、六级考试作文题中的应用

Giant Pandas in Emergency

Giant pandas belong to China and the world. Chinese people are proud of giant pandas because China is the only natural habitat of these clumsy but funny-looking animals. Giant pandas are also important to the world because these endangered species are considered living fossils. The study of their survival skills may help researchers all over the world gain an insight into(深入了解) the evolution of other living creatures. To sum up，giant pandas are of a treasure that both China and the world share.

However，giant pandas are facing extinction. For one thing，giant pandas often suffer from hunger because bamboo－their main food source－blossoms for a short period and then dies. Another problem is that the birth rate of these rare animals is so low that they can not successfully reproduce themselves. The greatest threat to giant pandas，however，is from human beings. Some people hunt them for their furs; others cultivate the giant pandas' natural habitat for more farmland. In short，food shortage，low birth rate，and human intervention all lead to the decreasing number of pandas.

To save giant pandas，the Chinese government and experts have taken some effective measures. For example，the Chinese government has rated giant pandas as the top-class endangered species，and set aside a number of natural reserves(保护区) for them. Anyone who does harm to the national assets will receive severe punishment by law. Meanwhile，some experts are trying to help increase the birth rate of these valuable creatures by artificial insemination(人工受精)．Therefore it can be seen that thanks to the joint efforts between the Chinese government and experts，all remaining pandas are being well cared for.

在以上三个自然段的结论句(见下划线部分)中，第一个段落的结论句通过使用近义词语“giant pandas are of a treasure that both China and the world share”重现了主题句中“Giant pandas belong to China and the world”这一中心思想，第二个段落的结论句则高度概括了本段中“大熊猫面临灭绝危险的三个主要原因”，即:“food shortage，low birth rate，and human intervention”，而第三个段落的结论句是作者本人在看到中国政府及专家们为抢救大熊猫所做出的努力时的感受，即:“all remaining pandas are being well cared for”。