自然灾害专题传译练习

(二)自然灾害专题传译练习

1．请完整听一遍短文

Remarks at the Ministerial Meeting on Reducing Disaster Risks in a Changing Climate

Ladies and gentlemen，

I am pleased to welcome all of you to this meeting．

Climate change is the defining issue of our era．Natural hazards are a perennial concern．This discussion brings the two issues together，and with good reason:Better disaster risk reduction will also help us adapt to climate change．

Almost every day brings reports of serious damage and loss of life during a storm，flood，drought or other natural hazard．In the last few weeks alone，we have seen massive flooding in northern India and extensive damage from tropical storms Gustav，Hanna and Ike in the Gulf of Mexico．Millions of people have been affected．

Climate change will make matters worse．Without concerted action，we could see natural catastrophes on an unprecedented scale，which could even become threats to international security and inter-state relations．But such dire scenarios need not come to pass．Prudent policies and well-informed community action can save lives and avert damage．

For example，death rates from floods and droughts plummeted worldwide in the 20th century as a result of improved systems for river management，early warning and evacuation，and food security．

Wise land-use planning and the enforcement of sound building codes have also reduced impacts and costs．These are practical and cost-effective everyday solutions．

Unfortunately，no matter how much we do in the next few years to control greenhouse gas emissions—and we must do a lot—the global climate will continue to change．More extreme weather is in store:more heat waves，droughts and water shortages;more intense rainfalls，flooding and landslides．

Such changes have started already．The frequency of disasters caused by floods and storms has risen steadily in recent years．The average annual price tag—more than 80 billion dollars—makes this the largest source of disaster costs．It is more urgent than ever to step up our preparations．

The good news is that a natural hazard does not automatically have to lead to a disaster．Countries such as Bangladesh，Cuba，Jamaica，Madagascar and the Philippines have shown that good building designs，proper land-use planning，public education，community preparedness and effective early warning systems can reduce the impact of severe weather events．

Indeed，a large body of successful experience in reducing disaster risks offers important tools and lessons for our efforts to adapt to climate change．

Risk reduction not only saves lives，it is also less expensive than responding to a disaster．Estimates suggest that incorporating comprehensive disaster protection into new health facilities and schools would add only 4 percent to their cost．

A number of countries have reduced the impact of disasters by investing in measures such as flood control，hurricane-proof building design，and protection of coastal ecosystems，including mangroves and coral reefs．I hope to hear more about suchexperiences from you today．

I call on you to lead the way in championing disaster risk reduction as a core element of climate change adaptation．I also urge you to implement the policies and practices of disaster risk reduction as a first line defence in adapting to climate change．These are important investments in the protection of your people．

I assure you of my strong commitment to this effort，and I look forward to working with you in response to this quintessential global challenge．

Thank you very much．

(摘自潘基文2008年10月10日发表的国际减灾日致辞)

2．听录音，在停顿处开始传译

　Climate change is the defining issue of our era．Natural hazards are a perennial concern．This discussion brings the two issues together，and with good reason: Better disaster risk reduction will also help us adapt to climate change．

　Climate change will make matters worse．Without concerted action，we could see natural catastrophes on an unprecedented scale，which could even become threats to international security and inter-state relations．But such dire scenarios need not come to pass．Prudent policies and well-informed community action can save lives and avert damage．

　Unfortunately，no matter how much we do in the next few years to control greenhouse gas emissions—and we must do a lot—the global climate will continue to change．More extreme weather is in store:more heat waves，droughts and water shortages;more intense rainfalls，flooding and landslides．

　Risk reduction not only saves lives，it is also less expensive than responding to a disaster．Estimates suggest that incorporating comprehensive disaster protection into new health facilities and schools would add only 4 percent to their cost．

　A number of countries have reduced the impact of disasters by investing in measures such as flood control，hurricane-proof building design，and protection of coastal ecosystems，including mangroves and coral reefs．I hope to hear more about such experiences from you today．

3．答题要点

　熟悉文本类型和相关句子结构，加强对源语文本的理解。该篇发言为纪念讲话，属演讲文本类型。其对象明确(受过一定层次教育的听众)，主旨突出(呼吁各国加强合作，加大投资，减少自然灾害风险)，思路清晰(文本开始——提出会议的议题:气候变化和减少灾害风险，文本发展——减少自然灾害风险的迫切性及人们所作出的努力，文本结尾——各国应通力合作，制定切实可行的政策，减低灾害风险)，句子结构较为简单，语言易于理解。

　掌握与国际减灾日相关的知识与术语表达，如climate change(气候变化)，disaster risk reduction(减少灾害风险)，greenhouse gas emissions(温室气体排放)，extreme weather(极端天气)，heat waves(热浪)，water shortages(水资源缺乏)，intense rainfalls(强降雨)，landslides(山体滑坡)，flood control(防洪工程)，hurricane-proof building(抗风建筑)，coastal ecosystems(海岸生态系统)等。

　传译时，语音应清晰，语调应自然，表达应流畅，应学会控制声音质量，不要过尖、过高或过于低沉。

4．参考答案

气候变化和减少灾害风险部长级会议致辞

女士们，先生们:

欢迎大家参加此次大会。

气候变化是我们这个时代最为紧迫的问题，而自然灾害则是我们长期关注的问题。今天我们把这两个问题放到一起讨论不是没有道理的:降低灾害风险将有助于我们应对气候变化。

我们几乎每天都可以听到有关暴雨、洪水、旱灾及其他自然灾害造成严重损失及人员伤亡的报道。就在过去的几周，印度北部的大洪水及墨西哥湾的古斯塔夫、汉娜及艾克飓风使得成千上万的人受到影响。

而气候变化将使事情变得更糟。如果我们不联合起来采取行动，这些自然灾害将变得空前严重，甚至会威胁到国际安全及国际关系。但这些可怕的景象其实是可以避免的。如果我们制定审慎的政策并互相之间加强联系，共同协作，就可以挽救许多生命，避免造成损失。

比如，在20世纪，对河流的综合治理、提前预警、及时疏散，以及食品保障等措施已经使得世界范围内洪灾及旱灾造成的死亡率大大降低。

合理的土地规划及加强建筑物的稳固性也大大降低了灾害造成的影响及损失。这些都是有效降低成本的切实可行的方法。

但不幸的是，无论在未来的几年里我们如何努力地控制温室气体排放(当然，我们依然要尽最大努力)，全球气候都将继续变暖。而且还将有更多的极端天气:如更持久的热浪、旱灾及水资源缺乏，以及更为严重的强降雨、洪水及山体滑坡。

这些变化已经开始。洪灾及暴雨的频率在最近几年里一直在逐步上升。每年的平均花费高达800多亿美元，这使得洪灾及暴雨成为代价最为惨重的自然灾害。因此现在比以往任何时候都更需要做好准备。

但也有好的消息。自然灾害并不总是会造成灾难。在孟加拉国、古巴、牙买加、马达加斯加以及菲律宾等国家，情况已经表明，良好的建筑设计、合理的土地规划、普及的公共教育、社会的应急措施及有效的早期预警都可以降低严重气候事件造成的损失。

事实上，大量成功减少灾害风险的例子为我们应对气候变化提供了非常重要的工具和经验。

减少灾害风险不仅可以挽救生命，而且可以降低应对灾害的成本。据估计，修建健康设施及学校时把综合的灾害防御措施考虑在内只会增加4%的成本。

许多国家投资防洪工程、抗风建筑设计及沿海生态系统的保护，包括红树林及珊瑚礁等，已大大降低了灾害带来的影响。我希望以后能听到更多的诸如此类的消息。

我呼吁大家把减灾作为应对气候变化的一个核心问题，把制定相应的减灾政策并付诸实践作为应对气候变化的第一道防线。这些都是为了保护自己的人民而进行的至关重要的投资。

请大家相信，我会努力不怠，并希望与大家通力合作来应对这一艰巨的全球挑战。

谢谢大家!