第节，定语从句演练

(1/11) 微课例句1

America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.

【参考译文】：美国的国富民强是那些经济遭到战争破坏的欧亚诸国做梦也无法达不到的。

(2/11) 微课例句2

For a while, it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.

【参考译文】：一段时间内，半导体制造业—美国是半导体的发明者，而且半导体又处于新的电脑时代的核心位置—看起来像要成为下一个受害者。

(3/11) 微课例句3

People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.”

【参考译文】：人们沉迷于一种由19世纪的百货商店所掀起的“消费文化”中。这些商店“在优雅的购物环境中提供琳琅满目的商品。”

(4/11) 微课例句4

The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.

【参考译文】： 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。

(5/11) 微课例句5

As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.

【参考译文】：作为一名语言学家，他承认所有种类的人类语言，包括不规范的语言，如黑人英语，都具有强大的表达能力—世界上没有一种语言或方言不能表达复杂的意思。

(6/11) 微课例句6

This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

【参考译文】：这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

(7/11) 真题例句1

【真题例句1】 The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
【考点揭秘】 本句破折号前面是三个并列的名词词组，其核心词是the workers，the student，the foreigner，它们后面都有一个定语从句，而破折号后主干是一个简单的主系表结构，其中表语部分包含一个定语从句。
【参考译文】 得到了提升的工人，成绩进步的学生，学会一门新语言的外国人——这些都可表明人们付出努力之后，取得了可衡量的成绩。

(8/11) 真题例句2

【真题例句2】 Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management.
【考点揭秘】 本句的主干结构是Towns sprang up to house classses, classes 由后面两个who引导的定语从句修饰，介词except后面的that指代relation，drawing 和attending 是并列关系，作介词of的宾语，动词不定式 to dictate their orders to the management 是表示attending meeting 的目的状语。此外，注意本句中sprang的动词原形是spring，在此处是熟词生义“涌现，涌出”；dividends是“红利，分红”的意思。
【参考译文】 像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本这样的城镇涌现出来为那些数量很多的“舒适”阶级提供住房。这些人依赖其丰厚的收入而退休了，并且他们除了去取分红和偶尔参加一下股东大会向管理层口授一下自己的命令之外，和社会其他阶层毫无联系。

(9/11) 真题例句3

【真题例句3】 A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
【考点揭秘】 本句主干就是A survey reveals that，理解这个句子的关键在于对that引导的宾语从句的剖析,宾语从句的主干: the tag has been attached to many other groups, from…to…连接的是两个并列名词,每个名词后面都有一个较长的定语从句，第一个名词是authorities,第二个名词是Republicans,后面跟的都是一个who引导的定语从句,who在从句中作主语。此外，注意本句中antiscience的前缀anti- 是表示“反，抗”的意思，如antiwar “反战”；antibacterial “抗菌的”。
【参考译文】 一项关于1996年新闻报道的调查显示,反科学的标签还被贴在许多其他团体身上,从提倡消灭最后存留的天花病毒的政府当局,到鼓吹削减基础研究经费的共和党人(都被贴上了反科学的标签)。

(10/11) 真题例句4

【真题例句4】 If, on the other hand,producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.
【考点揭秘】 句首的if引导条件状语从句，本句主句为this will tend to increase the supply，which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句，in turn表示“反之，反过来”。
【参考译文】 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和生产商的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并让更多的消费者购买产品。

(11/11) 真题例句5

【真题例句5】 In Australia — where an aging population,lifeextending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part — other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
【考点揭秘】 这个句子的主体结构是other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia。句首的In Australia是地点状语，后面跟了一个where引导的定语从句作插入语进一步解释Australia的具体情况，play one's part表示“发挥作用”。
【参考译文】 在澳大利亚，人口老龄化、延长寿命技术和公众态度的变化都在发挥作用，其他的州也在考虑通过类似的法律来处理安乐死的问题。